In the hot summer, all entertainment for children revolves around water. But if there is a certain danger associated with bodies of water, then water pistols are the most harmless and fun thing you can think of for summer fun. Just make these pistols for your children with your own hands from ordinary PVC plastic pipes, involve your kids in the process and play in the yard with pleasure.
Tools and materials:
- 4 cm PVC pipe (you will need a 60 cm cut);
- 1 PVC plug of the same diameter;
- PVC pipe 4.5 cm long 60 cm;
- foam tubes;
- saw;
- drill and bit;
- PVC cement;
- Super glue;
- scotch;
- serrated kitchen knife (for cutting foam tubes).
Bottle decoration for February 23
Even a standard gift will become special thanks to unusual packaging. We have prepared for you a selection of the best ideas for decorating bottles for February 23rd with photos and videos. It's time to forget about standard factory packages - make a gift special, unique, beautiful. Any man will appreciate such a sign of attention.
We offer you 9 of the most popular and non-standard ways to decorate bottles for Defender of the Fatherland Day with your own hands. Some are suitable for congratulating a military man in an original way, others for a husband or boyfriend who is no longer serving. Some master classes are designed for “advanced” needlewomen. But most of the ideas can be repeated even by someone who has no experience at all.
Beer mug made from candy
This gift will make a beer lover smile. And if he also has a sweet tooth, then his delight will know no bounds.
Materials
For work, collect the following materials:
Step-by-step job description
Take oblong chocolate candies, scissors and double-sided tape.
Place 2 pieces of tape on the edges of each candy package. Glue the tails of the wrappers to the tape.
Choose a tall, thin tin jar. The ideal option is containers for olives or olives.
Glue a strip of double-sided tape onto the container.
Remove the protective film from the adhesive strip and fix the previously prepared candies on it. The sweets are placed in a vertical position, close to each other.
The bottom row required 13 candies.
Above the jar, glue another strip of double-sided tape and secure the chocolate bars on it too.
Gun from a 3D printer: the evolution of homemade plastic weapons
In 2013, 25-year-old Texas law student Cody Wilson produced the Liberator, the world's first plastic pistol made using a 3D printer.
The only metal part of the Liberator was the firing pin, made from an ordinary nail. All other elements of the weapon were created on the basis of three-dimensional computer models, layer by layer of molten plastic using FDM technology - fused deposition modeling.
It was an extremely simple single-shot weapon chambered for .380 ACP, which became unusable after a dozen shots. But even one shot from a plastic pistol was enough to make a lot of noise.
To promote his ideas, Wilson, a libertarian and anarchist who advocates the free sale of weapons, founded the company Defense Distributed. He then posted a 3D model of the gun in the public domain. Now the Liberator could be made by anyone.
After plans for a plastic pistol were downloaded more than 100,000 times in two days, the US State Department accused Defense Distributed of violating the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) and demanded that it stop distributing the 3D model. However, this process could no longer be stopped.
2014: a little pepper
FDM printing is not suitable for making weapons. The plastic used in cheap 3D printers is not as strong as aluminum, and FDM parts are even more fragile than injection molded parts.
The Liberator's barrel became deformed after just a few shots, and soon the pistol began to pose a danger to the shooter. But plastic is cheap, and the 3D printer does most of the work automatically. So enthusiasts around the world jumped on the idea and began looking for ways to work around the technology's shortcomings.
The first thing that was done to improve the reliability of plastic weapons was to increase the number of barrels.
Already in the spring of 2014, a resident of Japan, Yoshitomo Imura, was arrested and subsequently convicted for creating the Zig Zag, a plastic .38 caliber pepper shaker revolver that could fire six shots in a row.
2015: in the footsteps of Colt
The Zig Zag cannot be called a truly dangerous weapon, at least because of its size, but the revolver layout had untapped potential.
The following year, mechanical engineering student James R. Patrick uploaded a video demonstration of a 3D printed PM522 Washbear to YouTube.
Patrick managed to create a much more advanced design - a double-action revolver, where when you press the trigger, the drum rotates, the hammer is cocked and a shot is fired.
Instead of springs, Washbear used rubber bands, and the nail again acted as a striker. The revolver drum was designed in such a way that, when at rest, the firing pin did not coincide with the primer. Therefore, the homemade revolver could not fire if accidentally dropped and was much safer than the Liberator.
James Patrick suggested using a plastic 6-shot .22LR drum in the Washbear or an 8-shot drum reinforced with inserts made from scrap metal pipe. As the future showed, the second type of drum turned out to be more progressive.
2016–2017: Hybridization
It is almost impossible to make reliable barrels and chambers from fusible plastic. It is extremely difficult to do without springs, pins, screws and other similar parts. Therefore, the number of metal elements in 3D printed weapons has increased over time. They made it possible to design much more complex weapons.
In 2016, an amateur gunsmith under the pseudonym Derwood demonstrated the Shuty-MP1, the first 3D printed 9mm semi-automatic pistol.
Derwood didn't try to completely eliminate metal parts and used a commercial Glock pistol barrel, metal firing pin, bolt and some quality springs.
As a result, the technical rate of fire of the Shuty-MP1 reached 48 rounds per minute. However, the designer noted that before changing the magazine, the barrel must be allowed to cool, otherwise the plastic around it will begin to melt.
A year later, Derwood introduced an updated version of its weapon - Shuty AP-9 with more reliable mechanics.
2018: the calm before the storm
Over the next year, enthusiasts created various plastic parts for production weapons, but no new original designs appeared.
At the end of 2022, another important event occurred. While Cody Wilson's company continued to sue the American authorities for the right to freely distribute 3D models of weapons, several amateur gunsmiths decided to unite under the slogan Deterrence Dispensed.
They wanted to organize the development of new 3D printed weapons without government control. The Deterrence Dispensed group focuses on creating weapons from plastic components and readily available metal parts that are sold without a license at any hardware store.
Using virtual private networks, the darknet and other encrypted communication methods, they managed to establish collective work while maintaining anonymity.
Self-taught designers, who had not met in person, organized decentralized development and even established testing, quality control and expert evaluation of their “releases.”
This approach has been surprisingly effective. By the end of 2022, this group had released over 30 original files for "printing" various firearm parts.
2019: almost like from the factory
Defense Distributed's most advanced creation was the FGC-9 semi-automatic carbine. It is based on the Shuty AP-9, but more ergonomic, more reliable and easier to assemble. And most importantly, the FGC-9 does not contain a single part from a factory firearm.
Most of the design elements of the carbine are 3D printed. A hardened metal pipe acts as a shutter. The trigger group is assembled from airsoft drive parts.
While the creator of the Shuty AP9 used a pistol barrel, Defense Distributed found a way to make a rifled 9mm barrel using electrochemical machining at home.
The FGC-9 accepts standard Glock magazines, but they can also be printed entirely. All you need is a properly bent spring.
Thus, the FGC-9 is the simplest and most advanced 3D printed semi-automatic weapon to date.
2020 onwards
The FGC-9 is likely just the first of a new wave of cheap homemade firearms created using 3D printing and readily available metal components.
3D printers are becoming cheaper, and the instructions and 3D models needed to make weapons are becoming more common.
The Gun Control Act of 1968 gives all citizens of the United States the right to manufacture firearms for personal use. In other countries, making homemade weapons is illegal, and the proliferation of 3D models for printing weapons can provoke an increase in crime.
The distribution of Liberator, Washbear, FGC-9 and other similar models is as difficult to control as the circulation of conventional homemade weapons. At the same time, 3D printed weapons are easier to manufacture and, in some respects, are already approaching production models.
Over time, the descendants of the FGC-9 may well compete with and even displace converted gas and refurbished quenched weapons from the black market. It is unlikely that police officers and criminologists will be happy about such a prospect.
Editor's note: according to Art. 223 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, for the illegal manufacture, alteration or repair of firearms or their main parts is punishable by imprisonment for a term of three to five years with a fine of one hundred thousand to two hundred thousand rubles.
Making a homemade speargun for spearfishing
Beginning underwater fishing enthusiasts need to know how to make a homemade gun. This can be done even without special skills, professional tools and precision equipment. There are several key types of underwater guns, differing primarily in the method of throwing the striking projectile - the harpoon. The element that imparts acceleration to the striking projectile and imparts the energy necessary to overcome the resistance of water can be a spring, a special rubber band, vacuum and pneumatics. In addition, hydropneumatic, powder, gas guns and even double-barreled shotguns are produced industrially and made by numerous home-made craftsmen. But since to manufacture most varieties it is necessary to have experience in such work, a variety of materials and drawings to maintain exact dimensions, you should know how to make the simplest homemade underwater gun - an improved version of the so-called Hawaiian.
