Homemade mini-tractors with a breakable frame, do-it-yourself 4x4 fracture: video, photo

Application area

A self-made all-wheel drive mini tractor has quite good cross-country ability, which gives it the opportunity to perform virtually the same scope of work as store-bought counterparts, such as Uralets, Kubota, Bulat 120, Yanmar, Belarus 132n, Scout.

Of course, the power of a homemade unit may be somewhat weaker, but at the level of domestic use this fact is almost unnoticeable.

The main area of ​​application of this DIY unit is agricultural work. This term covers a fairly wide spectrum, including many related works. In other words, a homemade mini tractor is needed for the following purposes:

• plowing of land holdings for the purpose of their further use;
• cultivating the soil and getting rid of weeds;
• harrowing the soil;
• carrying out sowing work on treated soil;
• planting and digging potatoes.

In principle, this is the main purpose of a mini tractor, for which it is made. But, its application can be significantly expanded if a special connection for additional equipment, mounted and trailed, is provided in its design.

If everything is done correctly, then your homemade product can additionally perform the following work:

• transportation of various goods (transportation of firewood, construction waste, etc.);
• snow removal in winter;
• mowing lawns and lawns, as well as making hay for livestock.

As we can see, a mini tractor breaking a classic 4x4 with your own hands can significantly make the life of any rural resident easier, because with the help of this equipment it becomes possible to perform all types of work that are required for proper management of a subsidiary farm.

The indispensability of a home-made unit is also due to the fact that its production uses a minimum of investments and funds, which is very important for rural areas.

Russian products

The optimal solution with an affordable price. Walk-behind tractors with a belt drive or with a transmission with the ability to transmit torque to a snow thrower, tiller or rotary mower have become popular among buyers. In any case, the process cannot be completed without the participation of a special belt.

A special feature of our developments is the simple design of the clutch system. The only maintenance procedure left is belt replacement. Soviet engineers also designed a gearbox that is recognized as one of the most successful on the market. Professional engines from foreign manufacturers are used. The units are functional and reliable.

Popular Russian walk-behind tractors:

• Neva,
• MTZ Belarus (Belarus),
• Agro,
• Firework,
• Cascade,
• SICH (Ukraine),
• Oka,
• Favorite,
• Tarpan
• and others.

Instructions on how to make an all-wheel drive mini tractor with your own hands - drawings and dimensions

Having assessed all the advantages, many people ask the question - how to make a 4x4 mini tractor? In principle, this assembly method is not much different from traditional methods, except, perhaps, for the construction of the frame structure.

Basically, the frame comes in one piece, but in fractures there is an option with a breaking frame, which is where the name comes from.

The appearance of the structure may be a little puzzling to an outside observer, but its apparent unpretentiousness should not be misleading. The fact is that everything inside is located so proportionally, if you follow the drawings exactly, which allows the unit to show fairly good performance indicators.

Speaking of drawings. This is probably one of the most important stages of the entire assembly, because the success of the entire design depends on the correctness of leaving a detailed drawing and determining the exact dimensions.

The fact is that the specifics of self-assembly involve adjusting some parts to the individual characteristics of the frame or power unit. This is understandable, because the components are taken from completely different equipment, which leads to their dimensional discrepancy.

The fitting itself is carried out mainly on a lathe, which in itself presupposes the presence of a detailed drawing. After all, it is much easier to make certain holes or stitches while looking at the drawing than keeping all this abstraction in your head.

So, having made the drawing, we begin the assembly process:

• The frame itself will consist of traverses and spars. The spars, in this case, have a three-stage structure. The first stage is made from channel number 10, and the last stage is made from a square steel pipe with dimensions of 80x80 mm.
• The rear traverse is made from channel number 16, and the front crossmember is made from channel number 12.
• If you are converting a walk-behind tractor into a mini tractor, then the main power unit will be the engine located on the walk-behind tractor. If not, you will have to purchase the engine separately. In principle, any diesel engine of the required power (at least 12 hp) can be suitable.
• However, experts advise taking a more powerful one - a motor with 40 hp. and water cooling.
• The gearbox and power take-off shaft, as well as the clutch, can be taken from GAZ-53 and GAZ-52 cars, respectively. They won't fit ready-made, so you'll have to modify them a little. To do this, you need to remake the motor flywheel by cutting off a little from the back and drilling one hole in the middle.
• The bridge can be installed in the unit in the desired form, without performing any manipulations. It is attached to the frame structure using four stepladders.
• Wheels can be taken from old cars, but their optimal diameter is considered to be 18 inches. The process of installing wheels on hubs is quite simple. It is enough to cut a hole of the required diameter from the center of the disk, and the center of the disk from the ZIL-130 is welded to this place.
• The front axle is not so important, because it will not be the drive one. Therefore, you can take a bridge from another technique.
• Steering is best enhanced by hydraulics. You can take it from old agricultural machinery, but for it to work correctly you need an oil pump.
• By the way, the driver’s seat also needs to be installed correctly, because a person spends more than an hour operating the unit. The seat should be positioned so that the steering column does not rest on the person’s knees.

In general, the assembly of a homemade all-wheel drive mini tractor is carried out using third-party spare parts, including mainly automobile ones.

In particular, the drum brake will be used in the front wheelbase system, and the steering rack will be borrowed from the VAZ family of cars.

Other components can be freely found on the spare parts market, where there is quite a lot of useful stuff. In addition, on specialized websites there are a sufficient number of advertisements for the sale of parts that can be purchased for mere pennies.

Features of vehicle steering

Pins are installed on the bridge located in front, the lower part of which ends with axles, and the upper part ends with rotary levers, and between them, a thrust is formed, which is considered transverse.

The value of the transverse inclination angle must be within certain standard limits, namely, not exceed 10 degrees; as for the longitudinal inclination, it should also not deviate more than 3 degrees back. The rod, which is considered longitudinal, must be connected to the steering gearbox with a bipod.

Tools and materials

Frames are often made from traverses and spars. The spars themselves are made of channels and steel pipes. Cross members are made in a similar way. In this regard, the preparation of any mini-tractor is not much different. As for motors, any version that is powerful enough will do.

But still, professionals believe that the best option is a four-stroke diesel engine cooled by water. They save fuel and are more stable in operation. Transmissions and transfer cases, as well as clutches, are often taken from domestic trucks. But we must take into account that the individual components will have to be adjusted to each other. For this purpose, you will have to use a home lathe or turn to professionals.

Bridges are taken from old motor equipment almost without changes. Sometimes they are only shortened a little. In this case, metalworking equipment is used. Wheels are sometimes removed from passenger cars, however, their diameter must be at least 14 inches (for the front axle).

By installing smaller movers, farmers will often encounter the mini-tractor sinking into the ground. If you install too large a chassis, maneuverability will deteriorate. Hydraulic power steering helps to partially compensate for this disadvantage. Whether to remove it from old cars or do it yourself is up to the master to decide. As for the driver's seat, although this is optional, it is a very important element.

If you take an old walk-behind tractor as a basis, you can take it in finished form:

• motor;
• checkpoint;
• clutch system;
• wheels and axle shafts.

But the frame from the walk-behind tractor can only become an integral part of the frame of the mini-tractor. When using it, you need to make sure that the mounts for the engine and gearbox are ready. If a motor cultivator is used as a basis, a powerful frame is abandoned; a 10 cm square pipe is sufficient. Preference is given to the square shape because home mini-tractors often drive on bad roads. The size of the frame is selected according to the size of other parts and their weight.

A simple type of transmission involves the use of a belt clutch placed on the gearbox. In a more complex version, torque is transmitted using cardan shafts. However, the consumer has no choice - it all depends on the characteristics of the engine and the wheel formula. If an effective breakable frame is used, then in any case you will have to install cardan shafts. It must be taken into account that this is difficult when making it yourself.

The controls are created according to a standard scheme; they simply take parts from any car. Since the load on the steering wheel when operating a mini-tractor is less than that of a passenger car, you can safely install used parts. Attaching the column, tips and other components occurs in exactly the same way as on a car. But the tie rods are shortened a little to accommodate the narrowed track. To work, therefore, you will need:

• angle grinder;
• screwdrivers;
• spanners;
• roulette;
• welders;
• hardware.

Power unit and transmission for tractor from Niva

The basis of the future homemade product will be the engine removed from the old VAZ.

To do this it:

1. We remove the engine from the car and place it on a subframe. We give it a low landing, so that the front axle is between the engine and the gearbox;
2. Fix with ties;
3. We calculate the gear ratio, which should not exceed 2 thousand rpm for operation in 2nd gear - the main one used for plowing;
4. To divide the torque between the axles, we limit ourselves to the transfer case from the Niva. It is needed in order to: increase the tractor’s cross-country ability on country roads; the drive wheels were subjected to greater rolling; the tractor moved confidently and stably regardless of the mode and power.
5. We also take the clutch and gearbox from Niva;
6. We connect the crankshaft to the PTO, which is best purchased ready-made;
7. We connect the gearbox secondary shaft hub to the gearbox, which will transfer torque forward. The revolutions to the rear half-frame will be supplied through the fracture joints and the driveshaft.

Wheelbase and steering wheel for a tractor from Niva

1. For a homemade tractor, 12-14 inch wheels from an old car (Niva, Oka), which are equipped with tires with a rough tread pattern, are suitable;
2. The steering column is taken from the VAZ and placed on a plate welded into the front half-frame. It is important to correctly determine the height of the steering wheel: its smooth movement should not be interfered with by the tractor driver’s knees;
3. We change the worm gear, for which we make a gap in the bearing adjusting nut and in the oil tank cap;
4. It is almost impossible to assemble a full-fledged hydraulic unit with your own hands. Therefore, it is easier to buy it or take it from an old tractor;
5. We fit the hydraulic pump and lubricant reservoir next to the engine, making a hydraulic outlet in front and rear for multi-position installation of attachments;
6. We install a power cylinder that will control the adapters.

Advantages and disadvantages of a homemade mini-tractor

In an unstable economic situation, a homemade tractor can greatly help people avoid spending extra money on equipment. A homemade tractor has other advantages:

• small dimensions allow you to work in small areas;
• the design will pay for itself in one season;
• good technical performance.

Among the disadvantages, the main one is the complexity of the design process: not everyone can quickly find the necessary parts. In addition, such homemade products are quite difficult to repair.

Nuances of the mini tractor project

As a rule, a photo of a homemade tractor, in addition to the main components, also shows other parts, which means they should also be on the sketch. The optimal frame size must be calculated and indicated.

For a good output circuit, it is imperative to indicate the materials from which one or another component is supposed to be created.

All elements through which the components will be attached must be clear. But the frame sketch should remain the basic one, since it will be permanent, while the remaining details can be finalized as the equipment is manufactured.

What to make a chassis from

To assemble a mini tractor, you need to prepare its chassis. It includes wheels, front and rear axles, and transmission elements.

When choosing wheels for a mini tractor, you should take into account the purpose of using the latter. If the unit is being built for transporting and pulling loads, then a disc diameter of 16 inches will be sufficient. When using a tractor in field conditions, it is better to use more massive wheels with discs with a diameter of 18 to 24 inches.

If the drive axle in your tractor is only the rear one, then the front beam is made quite simply.

1. It is necessary to prepare 2 steering knuckles from a VAZ Classic car.
2. A piece of the required length is cut from a profile pipe (40x40 mm square). The width of the track will depend on the length of this beam.
3. Next, racks of 35x35 mm corners are welded to this pipe. The steering knuckles will be attached to them. There is no need to disconnect the steering bipod - it will be useful when installing the steering mechanism.
4. Brackets are welded to the corners into which ball joints are installed.
5. The front beam of the mini tractor also has a swinging mechanism in the center. In this case, it, together with the cross, was removed from a UAZ vehicle.

To make a homemade front axle, as well as its rear analogue for an all-wheel drive unit, you will need to take 2 identical chassis units, for example, from a VAZ or Moskvich car, and shorten them. You can learn how to shorten the bridge from a VAZ car from this video.

Important! Axles must have the same gearboxes, with the same gear ratio. Otherwise, the front and rear wheels will rotate at different speeds when the tractor moves.

Since the bridges already have a built-in mechanism for transmitting rotational motion to the wheel axle, there is no need to make a homemade gearbox.

Wheelbase

The mini tractor frame is mounted on wheels, and they should be selected depending on what exactly you are going to do with your tractor. Either you will mainly transport cargo, in which case you need disks with a mounting diameter of 13 to 16. Or you will work in the field, in which case the mounting diameter should vary from 18 to 24 inches. The turning unit of the mini tractor provides a sufficient degree of maneuverability so that you can feel comfortable on any type of soil, cultivating it, sowing or harvesting.

Safety precautions

Regardless of the design nuances and the selected models, you must work with a mini-tractor with caution. Every time before starting it, you need to inspect all parts of the machine and check their suitability. First of all, you should evaluate the serviceability of the brake system. Stopping is done only at low speed, and the engine can only be turned off with the clutch depressed and the brake gradually released. An emergency stop is made only in a critical situation.

Both the driver and passengers can only ride in adapted seats. Do not lean on the traction bars. Driving on slopes is only allowed at minimum speed. If the engine, lubrication system or brakes are leaking, the mini-tractor cannot be used. Any mounted tools can only be attached to standard mounts.

For an overview of a mini-tractor made by yourself, see the following video.

If you have some tools - a welding machine, a metal cutter and a lathe, making a tractor-breaker becomes a very real project, and there are hundreds of proofs of this.

Craftsmen who do not have tens of thousands of rubles manage to save significant money by assembling a homemade 4x4 tractor with their own hands. Paying for spare parts turns out to be several times cheaper than buying a factory one.

Mini tractor made from bison walk-behind tractor

Motoblocks of this brand have a reliable and fairly powerful motor, the presence of which allows you to convert the unit into an all-wheel drive mini tractor. Before work, be sure to study the detailed drawings, and also buy steel sheets, pipes and angles.

The procedure for making a mini tractor is as follows:

1. When arranging the frame, you will need to expand the existing frame of the walk-behind tractor. This is necessary in order to install additional wheels. Cut the corners and pipes into suitable pieces, then weld them to each other;
2. The front beam is mounted on a mini tractor using a ready-made hub equipped with brakes. The wheels in the front part of the unit must correspond to the size of the rear wheels, or be slightly larger than the latter - this will prevent the mini-tractor from “burrowing” when driving over rough terrain;
3. Then install the walk-behind tractor motor. It is best to install it in the front to achieve the best balance of the entire structure;
4. Weld a tow bar to the back of the finished mini tractor - it will be needed for mounting the trailer.

A homemade mini tractor, made on the basis of the Zubr walk-behind tractor, will be able to cope with a number of the most complex economic tasks: plowing the soil, cutting grass, collecting and transporting crops.

Pros of installing hydraulics

Hydraulics are installed on a minitractor in order to ensure the operation of some of its mechanisms and facilitate the control of this unit. A unit with installed hydraulics has its advantages.

1. The car becomes easy to control. The steering wheel can be turned with virtually no effort, with one hand.
2. Hydraulics makes it possible to use various attachments.
3. The use of hydraulics allows you to modernize the brake system. Thanks to the hydraulic cylinders installed on the unit, the unit brakes instantly.

You can make hydraulics on a mini tractor if you purchase a ready-made system in advance in a store or use parts from old agricultural machinery.

Important! When installing hydraulics on a mini tractor, it should be taken into account that some of the engine power will be spent on servicing this unit. Therefore, for tractors with low-power engines, installing hydraulics will not bring any benefit.

Choosing a walk-behind tractor

Among the important parameters for these devices it is worth highlighting:

• Cost and manufacturer.
• Plow size (if the mini tractor will be used to plow the land).
• Type of engine used.
• Weight.
• Power level.

Power. One of the most important parameters, since the performance and strength of a mini tractor directly depends on engine power. The more aggressive and heavier the load on the vehicle, the more powerful the walk-behind tractor needs to be.

Weight. If a homemade mini tractor will be used to plow the land, then the weight of the walk-behind tractor will be a critical parameter. The determining point is the type of land being cultivated: for hard soil varieties, you should not choose too light walk-behind tractors, otherwise the mini tractor will not cope with its purpose.

Although gasoline walk-behind tractors are much quieter, diesel wins in terms of the efficiency of its use: it has stable speeds and increased traction. A diesel engine will cope better with heavy soils and large areas.

In any case, for any purpose, the heavier the walk-behind tractor, the better the performance data of the future mini tractor.

Price and manufacturer. If possible, it is better to choose products from companies that have been on the market for a long time. If financial possibilities are limited, you can get by with cheaper analogues. Russian products will also be the best option for the majority.

Completing the build

• The brake system is removed from cars or motorcycles and installed without modification.
• The fuel tank is selected for specific tasks. On average, a tank of 10 liters of fuel will be sufficient. If necessary, the container dimensions can be increased.
• If you plan to work in the field at night, you should install a path lighting system on your homemade breaker tractor. To do this, headlights, wiring, battery and generator are installed.
• The driver's seat must be installed taking into account the stiffness of the suspension, otherwise the driver will feel every uneven terrain.
• The cabin will help to give an aesthetic appearance to the assembled agricultural machinery, and will also protect it and the driver from weather conditions. Finishing is done based on your own tastes and preferences.

The use of a homemade tractor is permitted only after it has been fully tested under various conditions. Otherwise, shortcomings may appear at the most crucial moment.

The attractiveness of a homemade tractor from Oka can hardly be overestimated. The cost of spare parts and components needed to manufacture a tractor is quite low. The total cost can be recouped in one harvest season. This solution is suitable for beginning farmers who do not have the funds to purchase factory-made agricultural machinery.

Additional equipment for 4x4 tractor with breakable frame

For productive work, a mini-tractor must be equipped with a power take-off shaft (PTO) - mounted and trailed units (ploughs, mowers, reapers) are connected to it. The PTO can be taken from an old tractor or decommissioned military equipment.

If you plan to use a mini-tractor in winter, you can equip it with a cabin. Otherwise, a canvas canopy will suffice. For the convenience of working at night, install headlights and markers.

Did you know? The first tractors appeared in the middle of the 19th century and were steam-powered.

Homemade mini-tractors with a 4x4 drive and a breakable frame are indispensable helpers in farmers' fields. Such a unit can be assembled during the winter months, when there is no field work.

And the low cost of assembly and maintenance makes it an almost uncontested choice for small farms.

Additional tips and warnings about the mini tractor

If you have a sufficient amount of money, then you can buy some old Zhiguli, Oka, walk-behind tractor to use it as a “donor” for a future homemade mini tractor.

You can purchase it without documents, and it’s quite used, so its cost will be approximately 25-30 thousand rubles, which is relatively little compared to a ready-made mini tractor.

The essence of this advice is simple: in order not to look for spare parts and parts everywhere, you can take everything from one machine, i.e. gearbox, clutch, etc. By the way, the car body can then be sold.

Also important is the registration of a home-made unit with the traffic police. Of course, you don’t have to do it if you don’t plan to travel outside your garden, but for those who plan to use public roads, this action is necessary.

The fact is that a minitractor, even a homemade one, is classified as special equipment, and therefore requires mandatory registration with the inspectorate. If you do not comply with these rules, the employee may impose a fine on you, and the vehicle itself may be removed to the impound lot.

Useful tips

When building and operating a homemade tractor, the owner should consider a number of points:

• do not start work without drawings or diagrams;
• provide for the installation of a power take-off mechanism;
• install a canvas canopy over the operator’s workplace;
• controls should be located at an optimal distance and not interfere with the operator;
• If you do not plan to move on roads, then the equipment does not require registration.

Homemade tractors have a low cost and pay for themselves in 1-2 seasons. The owner should remember that during operation of the machine, breakdowns caused by design flaws are possible. Failed components will have to be repaired and the design modified to ensure trouble-free operation of the all-wheel drive mini tractor.

What is a fracture tractor?

In terms of design and dimensions, the fracture is nothing more than an ordinary mini-tractor. Typically, such equipment is produced on the basis of a walk-behind tractor. There is a home-made tractor with a factory-made fracture frame or one assembled at home from old spare parts. There is a third option for fracture. The unit is assembled from a walk-behind tractor, and spare parts are used from a special conversion kit sold.

In terms of performance and a number of characteristics, a homemade tractor is inferior to a factory-made tractor. But homemade products also have their advantages:

• Properly assembled equipment can surpass powerful factory mini-tractors in functionality, and the cost of a home-made unit is many times less.
• The functionality of the breaking tractor can be significantly expanded to suit your requirements. Craftsmen adapt to technology those mechanisms that help perform the necessary work.
• The costs incurred during self-assembly of the tractor will pay off in 1 year. And if there are a lot of spare parts from old equipment at home, then the unit will cost the owner almost free.

The disadvantage of a homemade tractor can be considered the lack of necessary spare parts. If you have to buy them all, there will be no savings. Then it is better to immediately purchase a factory-made mini-tractor.

What is included in the factory DIY kit

The kit for converting a walk-behind tractor into a mini tractor includes all the necessary parts required for this process.
Kit for converting a walk-behind tractor into a mini tractor

This set includes:

• standard steering setup;
• reinforced prefabricated frame;
• chair base;
• mechanical lift lever;
• brake cylinder;
• protective system;
• seat back;
• brake mixture tank;
• set of hardware;
• brake drum with support disc;
• belt.

KIT kit for converting a walk-behind tractor. "Version 4x2"

This is a standard kit included in the Kit. In addition, each such product contains assembly instructions. Thanks to this, the owner of the set will not have any questions regarding the installation of the unit. The cost of such kits for converting garden equipment into a mini tractor varies between 40,000 rubles.

Manufacturing a three-point hitch

The hitch is used to connect additional equipment, such as a plow, to the tractor.

The hitch must be movable both in the horizontal and vertical planes. In the first case, mobility helps to reduce the overhang of the nozzle when taxiing. Vertical movement of the suspension is required to lower the equipment into a working position or raise it into a transport position.

The hitch on a mini tractor is made from various parts removed from old agricultural machinery. It is quite difficult to describe how to make a three-point hitch at home. Therefore, it would be more correct to use the following video, which shows the dimensions of all parts of the device.

If you decide to make a mounted loader, then you can use T-25 and T-40 in tandem with this equipment. This option will be simpler compared to a front loader, which is true in matters of installation on a tractor and calculation of dimensions. At the first stage, you need to find or independently make a drawing, in which you should indicate the dimensions and proportions of the metal parts.

Electrical installation features

The key factor is the match between the voltage directly in the generator of the device and those places where it should be consumed.

The battery itself, which is called a rechargeable battery, is a certain container of liquid, so it is important to firmly form its mount.

The most convenient way to do this is, for example, in the place where the driver is supposed to sit.

Features of device collection

Assembling such a complex device as a tractor will require significant time and financial investments.

In addition to purchasing parts and components of the unit, you need to take into account that you will need some tools. If you don’t have them, you can ask friends for help or rent them.

What tools will you need?

Since many parts will have to be adjusted to each other, and some will even have to be made independently, you will need a lot of tools:

Necessary materials for construction

The device consists of several components, some can be taken entirely from other equipment, some will have to be redone:

• composite frame;
• engine;
• chassis, including suspension, axles and wheels;
• assembly with brake discs;
• steering mechanism;
• seat;
• mechanism for attaching attachments.

Important! To create a homemade fracture, it is not advisable to use new materials and parts; it is better to use a “second-hand machine.” The ideal option would be to purchase an old passenger car: a Zaporozhets, Moskvich or Zhiguli, then there will be no need to connect the engine to the chassis and transmission

Description of the adapter for the walk-behind tractor

The adapter is a special module for moving on a walk-behind tractor. With its help, you will be able to operate the unit in a sitting position and at the same time cultivate the land. For example, the adapter for the MTZ walk-behind tractor has steering control. It is quite possible to do it yourself. One of the sections of the article below is devoted to how this can be done. In the meantime, let's talk about the purpose of this attachment.

Using an adapter can greatly simplify the use of this home appliance. You will have the opportunity to change attachments for hilling or planting potatoes, a flat cutter, a plow and other devices. The adapter also speeds up absolutely any garden work. In other words, if such a device is used in practice, the speed of the workforce will increase from 5 to 10-11 km/h.

Self-assembled mini tractor

Assembling a tractor with your own hands is not an easy task, but it is quite an interesting task that requires diligence and concentration. There are a large number of assembly variations, but there is an optimal design, not only for experienced, but also for novice designers. The design is shown in the photo.

Design of a homemade mini tractor

First of all, let's look at the frame design. Despite the angularity from the outside, all the nodes that connect and chassis parts are distributed rationally.

Main parts of the frame:

1. spars;
2. traverse.

The tractor spars have a three-stage assembled structure. The front steps are made of size ten channels, the last one is made of a square-shaped pipe (material steel), with sides 80x80 mm. The traverse at the back is also made from a sixteenth-size channel, and at the front - a twelfth. Exactly the same system is suitable for preparing the crossbar.

For the tractor, you can choose any engine that suits the power. The best option is a 4-cylinder water-cooled diesel engine. The power is 40 hp, but as for a self-made model of a mini tractor for the purpose of working on home plots, this is quite enough.

Clutch with GAZ-52

The PTO transfer case and gearbox will fit from an abandoned GAZ-53 (or similar model), and the clutch will fit from a GAZ-52. To dock the clutch basket with the power unit, it is important to remake the engine flywheel and build an updated basket casing in order to adjust the required size. The flywheel is processed on a lathe. You need to cut off the area at the back and carve another span in the middle.

The bridge is integrated into the mechanism without significant changes. It can be used in any size. Four stepladders facilitate attachment to the frame. The driveshaft can be made from different cars. Good shock absorption is achieved thanks to the installation of 18-inch tires.

Installing the wheels on the hubs is very simple. You can notice that a part of it in the center with a hole for installation is cut out of the disk, instead of which the central part of the disk from the ZIL-130 is welded. The bridge in front is constructed on its own - you do not need to have serious skills for this, since it is not the leader. To simplify the assembly process, you can rearrange the bridge from other machines.

Wheelbase

It is important to pay special attention to the wheelbase of a mini tractor. Of course, it is quite enough to use wheels from a passenger car, but here you should go slowly. The required wheel rim dimensions for the front axle are approximately 14 inches. If you choose a smaller diameter, there is a risk that the mini tractor will not operate correctly in the future. After all, it is important for us that the tractor does not fall into the ground. But there is another side to the coin - if the front wheels are too huge, the driver will have to gain strength to perform certain maneuvers. It will be physically difficult. But this process can be simplified with the help of power steering.

Steering wheel control

To increase the maneuverability of the tractor, it is necessary to install hydraulic control on the steering wheel. You can find hydraulics on equipment that was written off in agriculture. To assemble it you need an oil pump, which is driven by the engine. It provides the required pressure in hydraulic motors. It is good when the wheels of the main shaft are controlled by a gearbox. The direction of rotation occurs thanks to a simple distributor with four working positions.

A four-wheel drive tractor with a 4x4 breakable frame has the main advantage of good maneuverability. This, of course, complicates the assembly, since it is necessary to design the correct and high-quality shaft with connections.

When making a homemade tractor with a breaking frame, it is necessary to use final drive cardans from trucks. There are many videos on making tractors yourself.

But the manufacturing principles used are approximately the same everywhere. In all tractors, the gearbox is moved towards the driver and fixed to the frame, and steering rods contribute to steering. A hydraulic drum brake is used everywhere, which, like the clutch, is pedal controlled. The accelerator and attachments are used by manual control.

Construction Tools

In addition to spare parts, it is important to use a wide range of tools:

• welding machine;
• drill;
• spanners;
• disk plate and many others.

Sometimes, when designing, you may need to contact a welding professional or an auto repair shop. Here you need to build on your own skills and capabilities.

Controls and seat

Car seat for mini tractor

Usually, installation of the control system and kinematic diagram begins after designing the chassis. An important point in this matter is the correct placement of the seat. A passenger car seat is perfect for this case. It is easy to find in car workshops or car services. It is important that the steering wheel is attached at a comfortable height for the driver. The steering wheel should not crowd your knees, so it should be mounted in such a way that the work process does not provoke any feelings of discomfort.

Engine and bodywork

After the chassis has been assembled, the kinematic plan has been implemented, the seat has been installed, you can begin to mount the main part of the mini tractor - the engine. In order to properly fix it on the frame, it is necessary to use a specialized plate with grooves. It also gives the necessary rigidity to the chassis. Then the electrical and mechanical circuits of the control system are laid. The body is sheathed based on the manufacturer's wishes. But it is better to hide certain components and parts of the body in order to prevent clogging and damage upon contact with the ground and unnecessary objects.

The basis of the mini tractor is the frame

The practice of many shows that a channel is perfect for creating a base.
From number five to number nine. The channel should be chosen because it is very rigid in torsion and bending. Homemade mini tractors with a breakable frame, made from high-quality channel wood, can last a long time, being subjected to daily high loads. Of course, the channel does not have to be used to create the entire structure. You can use profiles of a different type in those places of your future mini tractor that do not require particularly heavy loads. For example, you can create a canopy frame over the seat using a 10 mm rod. It is also suitable for creating a frame for the wings.

The fracture unit for a mini tractor, also known as a semi-frame articulation. To create it, you can use the cardan from the final drive of the truck. To simplify the task of controlling a minitractor during plowing, at the design stage we recommend that you think about installing a steering system with hydraulic cylinders.

Homemade tractor frame: 1 - bumper (StZ, channel 80x80); 2 — engine mounting eye (StZ, sheet s20): 3 — front frame spar; 4 — mounting bracket for the steering cylinder (StZ, sheet s20); 5 — mower mounting eye (StZ, sheet s20); 6 — cabin mounting post (2 pcs.); 7 — body, central hinge unit (StZ, sheet s20); 8 — bracket for fastening the hydraulic cylinder for lifting the body and the towbar (StZ, sheet s20); 9 — rear frame spar: 10 — body mounting unit (StZ, sheet s20); 11 — connecting plates 12 — hinge body, special (steel 20, pipe 150×1(1); 13 beam for fastening the transfer case and the cab floor (from GA3-66); 14 — bracket for fastening the transfer case (from GAZ-06) ; 15 blade mounting unit; 16— transverse beam (StZ. pipe 80x80x6): 17 — mounting eye for the blade hydraulic cylinder (StZ, sheet s20); 18 — stand (steel 20, channel 100x46); 19 — cross member.

This is interesting: The design of the steering control of a homemade mini tractor: we introduce the issue

Technology capabilities

In the agricultural sector, these machines are capable of doing a huge amount of work. Thanks to its maneuverability and the ability to attach additional attachments, the assembled classic 4x4 mini tractor can cope with the following operations with its own hands:

• deep plowing of the soil;
• cultivation to remove weeds;
• harrowing of certain areas;
• implementation of sowing spring field operations of cereal crops;
• planting/harvesting potatoes.

In winter, the fracture mini tractor can also not be parked in the garage, but can be used to clear roads of snow. A trailer is attached to the tow bar, which helps in transporting loads of up to several hundred kg. Owners can even use mini tractors at home to mow lawns.

Technical characteristics of the fracture mini tractor

A mini tractor assembled with your own hands has a number of positive characteristics, including certain savings on purchase costs. The advantages of homemade products include:

• the compact dimensions of the transport ensure its convenient operation even in small areas, and since most farms include small cultivated areas, a DIY assembled mini-tractor will be very appropriate;
• homemade devices with a single-axis drive or with a full drive in the vast majority of cases pay for themselves in one or two seasons, and subsequently allow you to save on components;
• agricultural new products have decent performance indicators that can compete with factory models, since a master can make a mini tractor independently using selected units and components that have a large margin of safety.

Homemade mini tractor fracture (with breakable frame) 4x4

It is worth considering that a homemade 4x4 mini tractor may also have disadvantages. The disadvantages lie in the following factors:

• sometimes the process of searching for the necessary components or individual parts is delayed;
• in the case of using non-standard structural elements, repairs are difficult;
• It will be possible to assemble a homemade 4x4 mini tractor if you have the appropriate set of tools and have the skills to work with them;
• Frequent breakdowns can occur due to the use of old used technical components.

Frame assembly

The frame design is optimal for homemade products assembled in the garage. The key parts for it are the longitudinal spars and a pair of transverse crossmembers. It is preferable to make the spar beams in a three-stage form from a tenth channel, and for traverses a sixteenth square profile at the front and a twelfth at the rear are suitable.

Dimensions of a machine with a breaking frame

During the assembly process, it is important to ensure that the front half-frame can be rotated relative to the rear half-frame at a certain angle. Car hinges from trucks are suitable for this. In most cases, cut driveshafts are used. When folded at an angle, they continue to transmit rotation.

Motor and clutch for fracture mini tractor

After assembling the frame, they begin to install the power unit. It is recommended for cars with a single-axle drive to take engines in the range of 15-30 hp, and for all-wheel drive, the optimal solution would be an engine with a power of 30-40 hp. Preference should be given to water-cooled diesel units. They are quieter in operation than analogues with air removal of excess heat.

Kinematic diagram

As a ready-made solution, engines from walk-behind tractors or old cars can be mounted on the frame. There are drawings where the central place is occupied by power plants from the following models:

• walk-behind tractor "Neva";
• model with walk-behind tractor “Bison”;
• homemade from the Centaur walk-behind tractor, etc.

A minimal exhaust system may involve an empty metal fire extinguisher with metal shavings from a lathe stuffed inside it. If an air-cooled motor is used in the design, then some of the partitions can be eliminated in the lower docking area. It is also important to ensure the presence of mounting holes for fixing the power unit.

Engine UD-2

The next step after installing the engine is installing the transfer case and gearbox. An acceptable option is to choose them from GAZ-53. To ensure a good connection between the clutch and the engine, the flywheel will have to be rebuilt. In such a situation, turning work will be needed.

The back part is cut off, the excess with tides. A hole is bored in the center for a new shaft. The clutch basket cover is optimized in terms of dimensions to the required dimensions.

Adapter design features

This attachment includes:

• frame;
• driver's seat;
• a pair of wheels;
• wheel axle;
• coupling device.

That is, the adapter gives the impression of a cart that is attached to the main equipment. As a result, it looks like a mini tractor.

Now let's talk about each component in detail.

• To make a front adapter for a walk-behind walk-behind tractor with your own hands, a frame is required. The body or driver's seat is attached to it. The frame is mounted on the chassis.
• For ease of use, a driver's seat is attached to the frame. This is designed to make it pleasant and easy to operate the equipment during gardening work.
• The wheels and axle make it easier for the operator to garden with this small tractor.
• There are two types of wheels for a home tractor - rubber and metal. Metal wheels can be used for reliable work in the fields. Rubber wheels are equipped with a deep tread pattern. This way they can allow the operator to move the unit on unpaved roads and, if necessary, off-road. In any case, the wheels for the adapter are supplied with the purchase as part of the equipment itself. But if the user wants to change them, you need to pay attention to their type and size.
• Device for coupling (fastening) with a walk-behind tractor. The mount for the MTZ unit is made of steel or cast iron, using welding. The hitch is one of the essential components of the units. It provides a reliable connection to the part with the motor of the trailed equipment. The U-shaped attachment point is considered the most commonly used, because thanks to this device the vehicle is more stable.

READ Do-it-yourself electric starter for a walk-behind tractor

engine Installation and arrangement of the body

After assembling part of the chassis, implementing the kinematic diagram and installing the operator's seat with the control system, you can begin the main installation of the minitractor unit - the engine.
To securely fix it on the frame, you should use a special plate with grooves - it will also give the chassis additional rigidity. Next, you need to lay out the mechanical and electrical circuits of the control system, connect the instrument panel and configure the operation of the control system. body The lining is carried out at the request of the user, however, some components and structural elements are still better. closing will prevent their contamination and failure in case of contact with foreign objects and soil.

At this point, the assembly of the mini tractor can be considered complete. Next, all that remains is to check the quality of your creation in the Source.

General excursion into technology

Over the many decades of its existence, a wide range of walk-behind tractors has rolled off the assembly line of the Minsk Tractor Plant.
For those whose activities are closely related to plowing the land, the classic model MTZ 05 is well known. This walk-behind tractor, produced back in the Soviet years, is still in demand today, and it can be successfully converted into a mini tractor. However, the most suitable models for the production of prefracture are MTZ-12 and MTZ-09N. Firstly, these are the most powerful walk-behind tractors, which increases productivity. Secondly, the very design of the units allows them to be easily and quickly converted into a mini tractor. This saves your personal effort, time and money. A special feature of MTZ walk-behind tractors is that they are equipped with 2-cylinder diesel engines, and homemade mini tractors based on them are not three-wheeled, but four-wheeled.

Drawings, diagrams, detailing, assembly

First of all, you need to understand what the walk-behind tractor will mainly be used for. For agricultural work with soil or for transporting various objects. Most often, they choose a universal model so that they can work in the garden and carry loads around the house. At the rear of the mini tractor, another towbar is added for coupling with a trailer. Which, if desired, can also be assembled according to ready-made patterns, because the materials for making a mini tractor and a trailer are similar and you can make two models at once.

Drawing of a mini tractor from the Neva walk-behind tractor (front)

In order for everything to work quickly and correctly, a kinematic diagram must be drawn up.

Minitractor from the Neva walk-behind tractor (rear)

This drawing shows the connection between the wheel axle and the gear shaft. It is recommended to install rear wheel drive. This will give the minitractor additional stability and maneuverability.

All details should be chosen carefully. They must fit one another. If necessary, they can be adjusted using a lathe. The service life of the entire mini tractor will depend on how well the parts fit together.

When drawing up a drawing, it is necessary to take into account the rotating device. It can be of two options:

• Turning by breaking the body is a strong, reliable and time-tested scheme. But at the same time it is not particularly maneuverable when making turns. And the steering column is installed clearly above their connection point.
• Steering rod is a more maneuverable version of steering a mini tractor. It allows you to make turns at a large angle. But more details are also needed for this version. It is best to use factory parts from other cars. Another advantage of this option is the fact that both the rear and front wheels of the mini tractor can be driven.

After choosing a rotating device, you can begin converting the walk-behind tractor into a mini tractor.

Frame creation process

To create a frame yourself, you need a small amount of materials; if any components are not available, they can be replaced with analogues. But at the same time they must have similar sizes and properties:

• Metal for the frame - you will need corners, channels and a square pipe. For hull cladding, it is necessary to use steel with a thickness of more than 1.5 mm.
• Rotating device
• A pair of wheels and axles for them
• Bearing set
• Tools (tape measure, welding, drill and grinder)

Carefully following the initial diagram, the frame is assembled. By size, connection angles and kinematic diagram.

Minitractor detailing, spare parts

After connecting all the elements, you should check the correct installation. To do this, you need to install the frame on the walk-behind tractor. If everything has fallen into place, we begin the next stage; if something is not installed, then it is corrected and installed again.

Steering

Next, ready-made elements are installed: steering rod (which is best installed on the rear axle), hubs and axle. The wheels are attached to the axle using bolts.

And finally the seat is installed.

This completes the assembly process. And you can start test drives. Here you need to run the mini tractor on a flat surface.

Often it is necessary to further adjust the steering or wheel placement.

If all is well, then you can connect the attachments and begin field testing. If desired, you can also carry out cosmetic work with paint or primer. This will protect the mini tractor from corrosion.

The video shows a slide show on how to make a mini tractor from a walk-behind tractor:

The independent process of converting a walk-behind tractor into a mini tractor is quite painstaking work, in which many do not see the point.

Moreover, for Neva walk-behind tractors, Red October offers a ready-made design - an adapter. And there is no need to carry out all these manipulations.

But it's not that simple. The adapter is good only if you need to carry out minor work. It does not have reliable lug mechanisms. And on uneven surfaces or viscous soil, it will constantly slip. Such problems do not arise with a mini tractor, so the Neva walk-behind tractor with adapters will not replace the mini tractor for us.

bridge base and kinematic diagram

The choice for the wheels of a homemade mini tractor deserves a separate mention. Please note that it is possible to use wheels from a passenger car; however, the dimensions of the car must be observed here. Dimensions The optimal wheels for the front axle are 12-14 inches. When choosing a smaller diameter, there is a risk that the machine will bury its nose into the ground during operation. On the other hand, if the front wheels are too large, the operator will have to exert considerable effort to perform maneuvers. However, to make it easier to control the car, you can always use the power steering from a passenger car or other agricultural equipment.

Mini tractor wheel tires must have developed lugs. This will increase the vehicle’s maneuverability, reduce the load on the chassis and make the process easier to control.

As for the kinematic scheme, it is better to use ready-made options, the search for the present in which time will not take much effort. It is necessary to adapt the diagram to the parameters of the components that you are going to use to create a mini tractor. It will be useful to consider the possibility of connecting attachments that will greatly increase the functionality of the homemade system.

Alternative options

For conversion into a mini tractor, not only walk-behind tractors produced by MTZ are used, but also products from other brands. Each model has its own characteristics, but in general the assembly algorithm differs little.

“Neva”, “Centaur”, “Bison”, “Agro”

Motoblocks "Neva" are equipped with Subaru engines. The machines have a lot of power and are quite heavy, so converting them into a mini tractor simplifies control. A coupling mechanism is supplied with the design of this brand. It is intended for various attachments, thus solving the problem of connecting it to the machine. Motoblocks "Centaur" are equipped with a diesel engine. It is mounted in the front of the frame, which is traditional for such equipment. Meanwhile, torque is transmitted to the rear pair of wheels through the use of a belt or gear drive.

Motoblocks of various capacities are produced under the Zubr brand. To reconstruct them into a mini tractor, it is recommended to use heavy models. They are equipped with a liquid cooling system, which makes it possible to work in adverse weather. To build a control system, you can use a VAZ gearbox, and for the stopping system, mechanical belt-type brakes are used.

When producing a mini tractor from Agro walk-behind tractors, remember one important feature. Their standard axle is characterized by low fracture strength, thereby increasing the risk of destruction during operation

To avoid this, you need to strengthen it. For this purpose, modernized wheel gearboxes designed for VAZ or LuAZ SUVs are used.

"Oka", "Salyut", "Cascade"

Mini tractors made from the Oka walk-behind tractor are equipped with a reversible gearbox, including two speeds. When converted, they are equipped with a frame and all-wheel drive, making all wheels driving. The engine is mounted at the front and has a factory hood to protect it. The transfer case is located in the rear. The drive of both axles with chain gearboxes is also located there.

Engines from leading brands are installed in Salyut walk-behind tractors. Their power usually varies between 6–7.5 l/s. The gearbox is equipped with two main gears and an additional reduction gear. The kinematic scheme involves the use of two V-belts, due to which:

• the quality of torque transmission improves;
• the risk of dangerous slippage that can occur under active loads is reduced;
• the useful life of the machine increases.

If you make a mini tractor from a Salyut walk-behind tractor, it is advisable to increase the wheel track of the rear and front axles to 1200 mm. This manipulation will increase the stability of the vehicle. For the drive wheels, and there can be either two or all 4 of them, only standard tires are used.

When making a mini tractor yourself from “Cascade” walk-behind tractors, you can use “stockings” from old rear-wheel drive “Muscovites” or “Zhiguli” in the design of its rear axle. During operation, the “stockings” are shortened, which optimizes the wheel track parameters. To build a control system, it is convenient to use a rotating beam from PAZ buses, while the hubs and gearboxes are taken from Zhiguli cars.

Making a homemade frame

The frame is the “skeleton” of any traction device, be it a passenger car or a tractor. The body, transmission, engine, suspensions, etc. will be attached to it.

The frame for a homemade tractor from Niva can be:

1. all-welded - classic design. Characterized by:

• ease of manufacture;
• low maneuverability, especially when cornering and when driving on bumpy roads with a loaded trailer;

1. break frame - often called a 4x4 frame, which consists of 2 parts. Is different:

• labor-intensive assembly;
• excellent cross-country ability, making it popular among craftsmen;
• reliability under significant loads, allowing you to maintain balance on any underlying surface;
• a minimum turning radius, allowing the tractor to turn around its axis literally on the spot.

Because of this, we will focus on the last group, a detailed drawing of which is presented below.

The 4x4 frame is spar.

This means that it will be composed of:

• cross members - stiffeners;
• longitudinal spars - externally it is a metal box;
• fasteners and brackets that will keep the body from moving.

Procedure:

1. We weld 2 half-frames using channel No. 8 with dimensions of 90 x 36 cm (front) and 60 x 36 (rear).
2. We supplement the front half-frame with 2 sections of square pipes on which the engine will be supported;
3. We mount a stand made of thick-walled metal (1.2 cm) to the rear half-frame, which we reinforce with an equilateral corner;
4. We weld a rectangle at the back of the stand - it will serve as a rear hitch onto which auxiliary adapters will be hung - a harrow, a plow, a milling cutter for a tractor;
5. In the upper part of the front half-frame we adapt a platform for the tractor driver’s seat, for which we weld it with a metal sheet;
6. We weld steel forks to the center of the half-frames;
7. We take a trunnion and support bearings (for example, from an old KAMAZ);
8. Using 2 steel forks and a hinge, we connect the half-frames to each other;
9. We retrofit the front part of the supporting structure with a hub from the front car wheel - this will give it the ability to move in 2 planes. The displacement range can be adjusted using a gear wheel and limit stops.

UAZ COMPONENTS

A homemade tractor consists of important components, the quality of which determines the operation of the machine as a whole:

1. motor;
2. transmission device;
3. chassis;
4. steering part;
5. assembly system (suspended means and power rotation shafts).

A homemade mini-tractor is most often wheeled, less often tracked, with an engine power of 10 to 50 horsepower.

It is advisable to take the engine, gearbox, beams, and chassis from the same car so that their installation is easier and faster. If you wish, you can experiment and try to connect units and components from different machines. This is a complex process, but it can add interest to working with the design of a mini-tractor.

Another homemade model

Remember that the tractor must be stable. This quality depends on what kind of gearbox the homemade product will have. It should be with an increased number of gear ratios. These numbers increase the tractive effort, which should not exceed 300 kg.

You should make a drawing of the cooling system in advance to know exactly where the adapters should be located. The manufactured mini-tractor may overheat during operation. To prevent this from happening, you can install a radiator with 2 sections.

Important Recommendations for maintenance and repair of PSU on MAZ vehicles: how to bleed the clutch, video

When choosing a crawler tractor, pay attention to the drive. It is installed on the rear of the track to cause less damage to the rollers

During operation, you need to remember to clean the tracks themselves, since when using rear-wheel drive, snow and dirt clog them.

Starting to assemble a homemade model

The coupling device consists of the following elements:

• Transmission;
• clutch cover;
• release bearing flange;
• M6 screw for fastening the flange;
• release bearing;
• basket with clutch drive disc,
• bolt M 12x1.5;
• motor tail boom;
• flywheel;
• crankshaft bearing;
• crankshaft;
• gearbox extension.

Frame:

• bumper (channel No. 12);
• front side members (pipe 80x80x6);
• front cross members (pipe 80x80x6);
• engine mounting support (pipe 80x80x6, 2 pcs.);
• cabin fastening supports (beam No. 8, 4 pcs.);
• racks (pipe 80x80x6, 4 pcs.);
• scarves (steel sheet s10, 6 pcs.);
• tail spars (tube 80x80x6);
• tail cross members (pipe 80x80x6);
• automatic mounting plate for working tools (steel sheet s10);
• auto-mounting bracket (steel sheet s10, 2 pcs.)

Steel water pipes with a diameter of 57 mm are suitable for a welded rectangular frame consisting of a pair of side members and a pair of cross members.

In this model there is a bridge from an UAZ

The steering column can also be borrowed from UAZ. If it is placed on the right side of a homemade tractor, then securing the steering mechanism with the steering gear will not be difficult. The lever is removed from the splines and placed back in a vertical position. As for the transverse steering rod, gas-electric welding will be required for its manufacture. Tips with ball fingers are welded to the corners measuring 30 by 30 mm, which slide over each other.

The UAZ rear axle can also be used in the design of a mini-tractor. A flange is cut off on the long axle shaft and a hole is drilled in the center. The trim is processed and inserted into the hole, the outside is scalded, and the excess is cut off.

The long stocking is shortened. Two short axle shafts are used. The cut of the stocking is chamfered and its joint is welded. A caliper is placed at the welding site to protect against impact on the shank. Using a V-shaped structure, the mini tractor axle is attached to the frame. The structure itself will fit comfortably on the standard rear axle cushions.

To build a mini-tractor, you can use the master brake cylinder of a UAZ car. You can also take the steering gear, column and rod. To strengthen the gearbox, it is necessary to prepare a crossbar welded into the structure.

The steering from the UAZ car, as well as the longitudinal rod, steering column and transverse rod, which is shortened to 450 mm, are all useful for the design of the mini-tractor.

The transmission layout is noteworthy. After the engine, it is necessary to install the clutch basket and gearbox. These units from a UAZ car are perfect for a mini-tractor (assembly unit: distribution box with low gear).

On the floor under the seat, it is advisable to place a gas tank, a battery and a ground switch, and hanging pedals from a UAZ car. Fuel will be supplied to the fuel pump through a fine filter or sump taken from this SUV.

Front and rear axles

These units are created from individual spare parts and units removed from cars or even trucks or other agricultural equipment. However, you will have to do some details, as well as the assembly itself, yourself.

To make a front axle, you will need:

• cross beam;
• bushings for supporting rotary axles;
• axle bushings;
• the axles of the wheels;
• bearings (ball and roller);
• bolted connections.

A piece of profiled pipe or metal corner will do the job perfectly as a cross beam. For the manufacture of axle shaft bushings, structural steel 45 is suitable. The rotating support bushings are made of profiled pipe, modified for the installation of bearings, and are closed with steel covers made of steel grade St3. The front axle assembly, consisting of a cylindrical race and roller bearings, is welded in the center of the cross member. Using large bolts, the bridge must be secured to the bushings in the cross member of the frame.

The tightening force of bolt connections is responsible for the amount of play of the front axle relative to the design of the mini tractor. Too tight, as well as too loose fastening has a negative impact on driving comfort, so the play must be optimal.

The rear axle is assembled in the same way. The finished design can be borrowed, say, from a UAZ car. The long stocking of such a bridge will need to be shortened so that standard short axle shafts can be used. It wouldn’t hurt to protect the rear axle, or rather its welded joints, from possible impacts during operation. For this purpose, a support is used - a metal corner placed along the welds of the prefabricated bridge structure.

Specifications

Engines

One of the main decisions of Salyut engineers is to use not only domestic, but also imported engines from foreign manufacturers (Briggs & Stratton, Honda, Subaru, Lifan, etc.) on a domestically produced frame. Thanks to the use of imported motors, the durability and reliability of the Salyut-5 walk-behind tractor significantly increases, and comfort during operation also improves.

According to reviews from walk-behind tractor owners, the most reliable engines are the American Briggs Stratton and the Japanese Robin Subaru and Honda engines.

The first Salyut 5 models were equipped with Russian-made engines (KaDvi) of the DM series. They were significantly inferior to foreign engines in technical and operational parameters, so in the first half of the 2000s they were completely abandoned.

Gearbox

The pride of the Salyut-5 walk-behind tractor is its gearbox, which has become legendary, the mechanism of which is made entirely of gears. This is the plant’s own development, which was initially manufactured at the main enterprise in Moscow, and then at the facilities of the Omsk Engine-Building Association named after. P. I. Baranova.

The gearbox is made in a single housing, all connections are bolted.

According to Salyut and many users, only a fully gear reducer is the most reliable, durable and maintenance-free for many years

Manufacturers note that during the production of the gear regulator, all technological processes for processing parts are observed, designer supervision and design support of production are carried out. Some factories tried to produce copies of this gearbox, which were significantly inferior to the original - both in service life and in technical and operational qualities

Transmission

On Salyut-5 walk-behind tractors, the transmission consists of a gearbox (gearbox) and a clutch mechanism. Through the V-belt drive and tension roller belts, the drive is driven from the drive pulley to the power take-off pulley (PTO).

The gear shift knob on Salyut-5 is located on the body of the walk-behind tractor, but the company has developed a special gear shift mechanism kit to transfer it to the steering wheel.

The plant has released a special gear shift installation kit, which allows you to move the gear lever to the steering wheel as on the MB Salyut-100.

The speed of movement of the walk-behind tractor and the rotation of the cutters can be adjusted by a 4-groove drive pulley: you need to rotate it relative to the BLOM, unscrew the fastening nut, install the belts in the grooves of a larger diameter and screw the nut back.

The gearbox pulley consists of 3 grooves, the middle one is free for attachments, the other two are for transmission belts.

Front and rear axles

These units are created from individual spare parts and units removed from cars, trucks, or other agricultural equipment. However, you will have to do some of the details, the assembly itself, and how to do it yourself.

make your own front axle, you need a transverse axle:

• you will need a beam;
• support rotary bushings;
• axes axes;
• the axles of the wheels;
• bearings (roller and ball);
• bolted connections.

A section of a profiled metal pipe or angle can handle the function of a transverse beam perfectly. For the manufacture of bushings, structural steel 45 is suitable. Slewing bearing bushings are made from profiled pipe, modified for installation of bearings, and are closed with steel covers made of steel grade St3. The front axle assembly, consisting of a cylindrical race and roller bearings, is welded in the center of the transverse beam. Using large bolts, the bridge must be secured to the bushings in the transverse beam of the frame.

tightening The force of bolted connections is responsible for the amount of front play of the axle relative to the structure of the mini tractor. rigid Too, as well as too loose fastening negatively affects the comfort of control, so the play should be optimal.

The rear axle assembly is performed in the same way. The finished design can, say, be borrowed from a UAZ car. The long stocking of such a bridge will need to be shortened so that standard short axle shafts can be used. It wouldn't hurt to protect the rear axle, or rather its welded connections, from possible impacts during operation. For this, a caliper is used - a metal corner, placed along the welded seams of the prefabricated Wheel structure.