Do-it-yourself nail production machine

Many people, even as boys, imagined themselves as historical knights with swords. As practice shows, childhood hobbies often carry over into adulthood. Today there are enough shops with a historical bias where you can buy a sword. The purpose of the acquisition is not important, either to hang the product on the wall, or to take part in a duel during the reconstruction of historical events. But you can make a sword with your own hands at home, this will save a penny and give the product its own zest.

Do-it-yourself nail production machine - Metalworker's Guide

To get a decent profit, it is not at all necessary to organize a technically complex production with large capacities and high-tech equipment.
There are also areas of activity that do not require large capital investments from the entrepreneur, but with products that are in great demand on the market. Without a doubt, we will include this as a nail manufacturing workshop.

If you buy a machine for producing good quality nails, you can start a business literally at home.

Fastening materials do not require advertising, the sales market is huge, the technology is extremely simple, the devices are relatively inexpensive - all this makes this line of business very promising.

Our business assessment:

Starting investment – 400,000 rubles.

Market saturation is average.

The difficulty of starting a business is 5/10.

What nuances does a businessman need to think through before opening a mini production of nails in Russia? Despite the fact that a small workshop is planned, there is a lot of work ahead.

Registration of a future enterprise

It is unlikely that any wholesale client will cooperate with a company that is not officially registered. Therefore, first of all, we set off to officially register our workshop. The IP form may well be suitable for a mini-factory.

Due to lack of time, the collection of documents and permits can be entrusted to a qualified lawyer.

GOST does not impose any special requirements for organizing a workshop for the production of fasteners, and therefore it should not take a lot of time and money to collect the necessary documents.

Nail manufacturing technology

The production of nails as a business is especially good because the technological process of production is extremely simple. In addition, all stages are performed on special equipment.

And this saves a lot of money for the entrepreneur, since there is no need to hire highly qualified personnel.

If you wish, you can train workers to operate the machine yourself.

The technology for making nails is as follows:

The wire unwinds from the reel and enters the machine.
The wire is cut in accordance with the specified parameters.
At the other end, through a blow, a cap is formed.

The technology may differ slightly depending on what product is planned to be produced. For example, the production of galvanized nails implies the presence of one more stage - galvanization.

But it can also be omitted, since it is possible to immediately purchase ready-to-use raw materials - galvanized wire. And this is sometimes more economically profitable, because it does not require additional equipment in the workshop.

Purchase of quality raw materials

Having understood all the nuances of the technology, you can begin to search for suppliers of raw materials. And this is a very important stage in organizing a business, since the quality of the finished product will depend on the quality of the raw materials. And the main component here is steel wire.

Wire for the production of nails is usually supplied to workshops in the form of large coils of 500 kg each. There are also larger reels weighing up to 1.8 tons.

And the exact form in which to purchase wire will depend on the equipment purchased, since not every device can “handle” the large weight of the skein.

The cost of the wire will depend on its type and the pricing policy of the specific supplier. On average, the price range ranges from 25,000 rubles. up to 35,000 rub. per ton.

In order for a nail production plant to produce only high-quality products, it is important to organize careful incoming control of raw materials at the enterprise.

Here the compliance of the actual parameters (skein weight, color, brand) of the wire with those specified in the accompanying documentation is monitored.

And good raw materials will not only be the key to producing a high-quality product, but will also save equipment from premature wear.

In addition to wire, the workshop needs to arrange supplies of wooden containers - boxes. Finished products will be poured here during the manufacturing process. And right in these boxes, finished products can be supplied to wholesale customers.

Workshop technical equipment

There should not be any problems with the technical equipment of the workshop, since there are a lot of offers for equipment on the market today - from the cheapest manual machines to entire production lines. And how much a mini machine for making nails with your own hands costs will depend on the power of the device, brand, configuration and degree of automation.

An entrepreneur can choose machines of both foreign and domestic production.

And it is impossible to say unequivocally which option is better here, since in terms of the technical component they are very similar. The main difference is the price.

But is it worth overpaying for foreign devices if they work with the same raw materials and the same technology?

Automatic machine for the production of nails

Since almost every nail production line is equipped in the same way, when choosing suitable machines it is better to pay attention to their individual characteristics:

The speed of obtaining the finished product is of great importance.
It’s good if the machine can work with wire of different diameters - 1.2-2 mm.
Obtaining nails with different shaft lengths (15-60 mm) will expand the range of products.
If it is possible to adjust the diameter of the nail head, it will be possible to obtain products for various purposes.

The issue of the cost of technical equipment in many cases will be decisive in the choice. And this business is also good because the price of equipment for the production of nails varies over a wide range.

Completely manual equipment, which can easily fit in an ordinary garage, will cost the entrepreneur no more than 400,000 rubles. But if we talk about more powerful machines, then for such equipment you will have to pay much more - up to 1,000,000 rubles.

For example, the AG4116 machine, which is popular today with average productivity, costs ≈700,000 rubles.

And if the available money is not enough for even the cheapest equipment, then you can think about purchasing used equipment for the production of nails. This will save you a lot of money - practically new devices can be bought 2-3 times cheaper.

Modern automatic nail release machines are very easy to operate, and therefore you can start a business even without outside help - with small volumes of production, even one person can handle servicing the equipment.

Taking into account the fact that in the process of manufacturing finished products, huge spools of wire are used, it is advisable to supplement the automatic nail production machine with an electric or manual forklift. This equipment will greatly facilitate the process. A manual lever hoist (with a load capacity of up to 2 tons) can be bought for about 20,000 rubles. – it will be quite enough for a small workshop.

Problems of selling finished products

It’s great if, even at the stage of business planning, an entrepreneur evaluates the competition in the regional sales market. This will help in the future to plan the enterprise development strategy and customer search plan.

As in many other manufacturing areas, in this niche we rely on wholesale buyers. Even a low-power machine will produce large volumes of products that private individuals simply will not buy up.

It is absolutely clear that the price of a machine for producing nails will pay off the faster the sooner contracts for the supply of finished products are concluded. Potential wholesale consumers:

furniture factories,
construction companies,
construction bases and shops.

Surely, large companies are already cooperating with someone, which means that it will not be easy to win them over to your side, only if you reduce the price of the product.

And let the entrepreneur lose a little profit here, but this will allow him to immediately ship the manufactured products.

With the development of the workshop, prices for products can be raised, covering new markets.

Since our target is wholesalers, there is no point in launching a large-scale advertising campaign. But you can still make yourself known - advertisements in newspapers and the Internet, articles in specialized magazines.

We recommend reading:

What and where to buy a machine for making self-tapping screws?

Business idea: production of dowels.

How to open a mini plant for the production of composite reinforcement?

How profitable is the nail making business?

Every business plan for the production of nails, even if we are talking about organizing a home business, must contain a section proving the profitability of the planned workshop.

But before we talk about profits, it is necessary to calculate capital costs. And here everything depends on specific conditions - the cost of equipment, the availability of production premises, the terms of the contract for the supply of raw materials. On average, 1,000,000 rubles will be enough to organize a full-fledged workshop.

This will include the following expense items:

Purchase of medium power machines (≈350pcs/min) and their commissioning.
Rent a small room.
Providing a raw material base.
Official registration of the workshop.

But if you purchase used equipment and install it in your own garage, then the entrance ticket to this niche will cost no more than 400,000 rubles.

A basic set of tools needed for metal forging

The method of imparting plastic properties to metal by heating has been known to mankind since time immemorial. Unlike the so-called “cold forging”, in which the metal is not heated, during “hot” (and, as is considered, “real”) forging, the metal is heated in a forge.

Due to its plasticity, heated metal can be given a wide variety of shapes, which is what masters of artistic forging use.

In addition to experience, which is accumulated over the years, forging requires the appropriate tool. These can be special pliers, mandrels, bending templates, etc., but the hammer and anvil remain the most important “assistants” of a blacksmith for many centuries.

Any person who is thinking about taking up blacksmithing is faced with the need to purchase the appropriate tools. A high-quality and heavy anvil weighing under 100 kg is not a cheap pleasure.

I bought my anvil by weight at a secondary metal shop. From work experience, I can say: what I couldn’t flatten on a rail, I managed to do on a real anvil.

Vtorchermet may be a “gold mine,” but a lot depends on luck. Our price for a used anvil is approaching the cost of a new one. Although I managed to acquire a powerful vice and anvil weighing about 30 kg in this way. Her “face” is, however, dented, but it can be fixed.

So, what to do if you want to forge, but the family budget does not allow such expenses? Moreover, if it is unknown whether the business will be to your liking, or in a few months all the expensive equipment will begin to gather dust in the garage.

There are few good blacksmiths and, as a rule, they are loaded with orders, and the farm often needs specific products, for example, a forged nail or some kind of “tricky” rivet. In order not to rack your brains with finding a specialist and ordering, and also to save money, it’s easier to do everything yourself. After all, you can’t just buy nails like the ones in the photo below.

How to make equipment for making nails with your own hands

Making nails is one of the most cost-effective manufacturing processes. For a full operating cycle, you will need special equipment and several additional accessories. An important step is to become familiar with the specific design of the nailing machine and the principle of its operation.

Description of the nail structure

Nail making machine

Modern equipment for the production of nails is a complex production complex, which is designed to perform several types of operations. Because of this, making it yourself will be very problematic.

The main manufacturing material is wire made of steel, copper or brass. It is supplied in coils, so before production begins it is necessary to carry out its processing - unwinding and straightening. Then you can start producing finished products.

Stages of nail production using a special machine.

Installation of wire into the gripping mechanism of the equipment.
Pulling the workpiece, as a result of which it is leveled.
Forming the nail head. Screw-cutting heads are used to fix the workpiece. The wire end is deformed using an impact mechanism. As a result of this, flattening and formation of the cap are performed.
The workpiece is pulled to a specified length. A pair of cutters cut on both sides, thereby forming the sharp end of the nail.

This is a general description of the production process using a nailing machine. Despite the slight difference in the layout of equipment models, the production process technology remains unchanged.

In order to optimize the cost of purchasing equipment, you can make an unwinding device yourself. It is a conical metal structure mounted on a vertical support post.

List of main technical characteristics

General scheme of equipment operation

The next step is to determine the required technical and operational qualities of the machine. The defining indicator of nailing equipment is its productivity, i.e. speed of production of finished products by the machine. But in addition to this, a number of other factors should be taken into account.

The drive of all moving mechanisms is often carried out through cam units. They are connected to the electric motor. The speed of operations, as well as the maximum diameter of the steel workpiece, depends on it.

Setting up the equipment is carried out by adjusting the wire feed units, setting the force of the impact mechanism to form the nail head.

In this way, you can set the operating frequency of all machine mechanisms.

Main technical characteristics of equipment for making nails:

maximum and minimum diameter of the rod;
limits for changing the length of the workpiece;
performance;
weight and dimensions of equipment;
power consumption of the electric motor.

The diameter of the finished nail head depends on the cross-section of the wire. The impact mechanism has a standard size. During the production process, you can only change the amount of force exerted on the workpiece.

The advantage of modern nail production machines is the almost complete automation of their operation. It is important to correctly configure the primary parameters and timely feed the wire into the gripping unit of the machine.

Optional equipment

Nail cleaning device

In addition to the above, it is recommended to purchase several additional units for the production installation to optimize the production process. They are designed for subsequent processing of nails and their packaging.

The wire used has a protective layer of lubricant that prevents it from rusting during storage. However, this gives the finished product a non-marketable appearance. Therefore, for final processing of nails, it is recommended to purchase or make your own industrial rotating drum.

It is a container installed on a supporting structure. On one side the drive from an electric motor is connected. The drum is filled with a small amount of caustic soda and ready-made nails. During the rotation process, the surface of the products is cleaned. After this treatment, the nails are completely ready for packaging.

Additionally, you can buy a filling machine. With its help, even at the production stage, you can make packaging of finished products for further storage or sale. You must first purchase containers for packaging the finished product.

For a detailed understanding of the operating principle of the nail production machine, it is recommended to watch the video:

How to make a sword at home from wood

The sword can be made from any material. Let's try to make it from wood. This product is perfect for training or for playing knight for a child.

Choosing a wood species

The first step is to decide on the type of wood; experts recommend:

aspen;
ash;

maple;
oak;

birch;
nut.

Inspect the future workpiece; it should be free of knots, rot or damage. It is recommended that the block be soaked in water before production. And then dry it thoroughly.

Following these simple rules will allow you to get excellent results.

Required tools and materials

Having carried out preliminary manipulations with the workpiece, you should prepare the necessary tools and materials. Be sure to sketch a sketch of the future sword. He will be an assistant in the work.

Examples of drawings of a wooden sword

For manufacturing you will need the following materials:

cardboard for template;
wooden plank;
strips of genuine leather or nylon thread;
paint brush, roller and paint;
PVA glue, pencil or marker;
Sander;
sandpaper of different grains;
plane, chisel, chisel and mallet;
clamps, knife and electrical tape;
jigsaw, hacksaw or circular saw;
milling machine.

The listed power tool may not be available to every novice craftsman. In principle, all manipulations can be performed without them. The only downside is that the work will take longer. But there is no need to worry, the eyes are afraid - the hands do it.

Sword making work

Having prepared all the tools, you can get to work. To make a sword with your own hands, I give you step-by-step instructions:

The pre-prepared template must be transferred to the block, tracing it with a pencil or marker.
Next, using a jigsaw or hacksaw, we cut out the workpiece from the block.
We make a crosshair.
Then the handle is processed; if it seems to you that the workpiece is too heavy, remove another small layer of wood. In this case, it all depends on the purpose of the blade.
It is necessary to monitor the balancing of the product. The guard turned out to be massive, be careful.
Let's put all the details together. Next, you should apply markings on the blade along which the descents will be made. And with a grinding machine he carefully removes the wood along its entire length.
We go through all joints with putty.
At the final stage, it is necessary to sand the entire product with sandpaper from coarse to fine grain. In this case, a sanding machine can come in handy. We prime and paint the sword.

An example of sketch transfer and finished work.

Finally, the sword can be painted if desired. It would be nice to wrap the handle with a leather strip for good grip on the palm. The work will not take more than one day or several hours. As a result, you will get an excellent exercise machine or toy without much expense.

Nail production: equipment and popular technologies

The production of nails is one of those areas where large production capacities and technological equipment are not needed to organize a profitable business. At the same time, the product is in demand in the construction market, the scope of application is huge and this simple product does not need advertising.

Nails are one of the most used types of fasteners, so it’s difficult to stay here without a buyer.

Nails as a product are a very simple subject, especially when it comes to their most common types - round construction nails, wallpaper, slate, and so on. Making dowel-nails is a more complex process; it will require special equipment and a more complex production line.

For most types of products, the production technology turns out to be very similar.

The basis for them is wire of different sections and from different materials. The wire is offered in spools, so the first stage of production consists of unwinding and straightening the material.
Then the wire goes to a roller straightening device - these are 2 teeth fixed into mandrels. The chisels grab the wire and push it into the impact structure of the nailing machine.
The nailing machine cuts blanks to specified sizes. To do this, the wire is inserted into the impact device until it stops, clamped and cut off. During the reverse movement, the workpiece is released and held by the sleeve. A cap will be formed on the workpiece in place of the cut fragment. The impact device returns to its original position.
Formation of the cap, production of notches and points - the heads are obtained using 2 semicircular disks with grooves. When formed, the clamping device secures the discs so that the grooves face each other, forming a round hole. Due to this, notches are formed on the head. The sharp end of the nail with a point angle of no more than 40 degrees is formed automatically due to the design of the pliers.
Finished products are dumped into a bunker, sent to a warehouse and packaged.

The production of different types excludes some operations - for example, a machine nail does not have a point, or includes additional ones - applying a protective layer of zinc, copper, brass, but the general technological scheme remains unchanged.

The video below discusses the nail production technology:

To manufacture products you will need premises, raw materials and a production base. All 3 components are quite accessible, since the production process does not require any special conditions - pressure, humidity, or complex technological operations.

Raw materials

The vast majority of nails are made from low-carbon steel grade St. 1, Art. 2, Art. 3, Art. 5, Art. 10, Art. 15.

The material is manufactured at any metal rolling plant and is regulated by GOST 3283-74 wire parameters. Wire is supplied in reels weighing from 0.7 to 1.8 tons.

The latter matters not only for the cost of the material, but also for the equipment: if the reel is heavy, you will have to purchase a more solid unwinding machine.

The price varies quite widely - from 24 to 35 thousand rubles. per ton, as it is determined by the nature of the material and the diameter of the wire for the production of nails.

For example, you can use regular steel wire to make galvanized nails and then coat the finished product with zinc. You can do otherwise and purchase galvanized wire. In this case, the raw materials will be more expensive, but due to the absence of such an energy-intensive stage as galvanizing, the production itself will be cheaper. The choice here depends on the supplier.
To produce hardened nails, you will need high-carbon steel that has undergone heat treatment. This type of raw material is much more expensive, and the production of nails is not cheap. Conventional hardened nails are just a by-product, as their scope of application is limited.

Control of raw materials is very important. It is necessary to organize a check not only of the weight of the reel, but also of the characteristics of the wire: color, steel grade, etc.

Another nuance is the container. As a rule, finished nails are packaged in cardboard boxes, and the products are poured into boxes at the last stage of production.

We’ll talk about the equipment for producing nails and its price below.

Equipment

A mini-shop for the production of nails can be opened even in an ordinary garage, the corresponding equipment is so compact. The simplest production line consists of 2 modules.

Telpher – a device for unwinding a bobbin. The simplest manual device with a lifting capacity of up to 2 tons costs about 20 thousand rubles. and is considered sufficient for small production. Automatic will cost more.
Wire nailing machine or machine (or mini-machine for the production of nails) - a wide variety of devices, manual and multifunctional, are produced. Here the choice depends on the volume of expected production and the type of nails. In order not to be mistaken when considering options, the following factors are taken into account: power - ranges from 3 to 20 kW, which is decisive for the volume of finished products;
the ability to produce nails of different lengths - from 12 to 32 mm;
ability to work with wire of different diameters - from 1.2 to 9 mm. This option significantly expands the range;
production speed – on average ranges from 100 to 600 products per minute;
adjusting the diameter of the head allows you to produce different types of nails - finishing, construction, roofing felt, and so on;
weight – this matters when choosing a room. A device weighing 0.7 tons can be placed in a garage, but a device weighing 2 tons will require a solid concrete foundation.

A thread rolling machine appears on the line if it is intended to produce screw nails of various kinds. The device is controlled by a controller and carries out knurling according to the specified parameters.

A special module will also be required if the finished products are coated with an additional layer - brass, copper, zinc. When production volumes are large enough, it turns out to be more profitable to galvanize products on site than to use ready-made wire.

The price of a nail production machine depends on all of the above factors, as well as on the country of origin. Taiwanese products are considered optimal today.

The price range is very wide - from 350 thousand rubles. up to 900 thousand rubles Used equipment can be purchased at a much lower price - from 120 thousand rubles.

You can also try to make a machine for making nails with your own hands.

Now you know how much a machine for producing nails costs, then you will find a business plan model for production, which, according to reviews, is the most acceptable.

This video will tell you what a nail making machine is:

Judging by reviews from manufacturers in this area, the complexity of organizing an enterprise is average. Most of the difficulties are not related to the equipment and installation of the industrial line itself, but to documentation and registration. The latter is mandatory, since wholesale buyers do not agree to cooperate with enterprises that are not registered.

Necessary

Setting up a business will require a fairly simple sequence of actions.

Product Selection – There are many types of nails, and to develop a plan it is important to know which products you intend to produce. The nature of the raw materials, the power of the machine, and the capabilities of the technological line for the production of nails depend on this.
Registration of a form of management - there is little choice here: a private entrepreneur or a limited liability company. You also need to choose a taxation system. The most common choice is the simplified tax system, that is, 15% of the profit. In this matter, you will need to consult a lawyer.
Choosing a room - the requirements for it are minimal. For placement and maintenance of 1 nailing machine it will require 15–20 sq. m. The second condition is high-quality electrical wiring. Most devices require a 380 V network to operate. Additional space is also needed for storing raw materials and storing products.
Purchase of equipment corresponding to the project.
Hiring personnel – one trained person is enough to operate the machine. Preference is given to physically strong people: such work requires physical effort.
Searching for buyers - the best option is wholesale buyers, especially permanent ones: construction companies, hardware stores, wholesale centers, furniture manufacturing enterprises, and so on. The search is carried out using different methods: from advertising in the media to “cold calls”.

The profitability of the nail production business is determined by the demand for products in a given region and the cost of raw materials. Despite the average occupancy of the market, competition here is quite high.

The initial estimate includes the following costs:

the cost of equipment depends on the power and functionality of the devices, their quantity and variety of assortments. You can reduce costs by purchasing used machines. On average, the figure will be 400–550 thousand rubles;
rental of premises - depends on the region, but, as a rule, fits into 15 thousand rubles. per month;
purchase of raw materials – including containers. The amount depends on the nature of the material, usually 25–35 thousand rubles. per ton;
business registration;
payment for staff work.

The average payback period is 6 months. In practice, everything depends on established sales. Provided that all products are sold and the workshop productivity is 4.0–4.5 tons per month, the initial costs can be recouped in a year, which means the profitability of the enterprise will be 29%.

The production of nails is a fairly promising option for small and medium-sized businesses, since this type of fastener is always in demand on the market. However, the success of an enterprise is determined not only by the type of product, but also by demand in the region and the cost of raw materials.

A business plan for the production of nails is discussed in this video:

Do-it-yourself nail production machine - Metals, equipment, instructions

Nails are one of the most used types of fasteners, so it’s difficult to stay here without a buyer.

For most types of products, the production technology turns out to be very similar.

The basis for them is wire of different sections and from different materials. The wire is offered in spools, so the first stage of production consists of unwinding and straightening the material.
Then the wire goes to a roller straightening device - these are 2 teeth fixed into mandrels. The chisels grab the wire and push it into the impact structure of the nailing machine.
The nailing machine cuts blanks to specified sizes. To do this, the wire is inserted into the impact device until it stops, clamped and cut off. During the reverse movement, the workpiece is released and held by the sleeve. A cap will be formed on the workpiece in place of the cut fragment. The impact device returns to its original position.
Formation of the cap, production of notches and points - the heads are obtained using 2 semicircular disks with grooves. When formed, the clamping device secures the discs so that the grooves face each other, forming a round hole. Due to this, notches are formed on the head. The sharp end of the nail with a point angle of no more than 40 degrees is formed automatically due to the design of the pliers.
Finished products are dumped into a bunker, sent to a warehouse and packaged.

The video below discusses the nail production technology:

Flattened the front of the nail

The back part of the nail, which will play the role of a handle, should remain thicker, and the front part, which turns into the blade, should be thinner accordingly. But it is necessary to take into account that the compressed metal will begin to find its way and bend. To prevent this, I bent the steel rod a little beforehand.

Then I:

He placed the workpiece on the rounded edge of the sledgehammer head. Rounding is necessary to ensure that the edge of the blade is angled and sharp.
I flattened the front part of the nail with even blows of the hammer.

Diagram and device of a machine for making nails from wire

The operating principle of the impact machine for mass production of wire nails of various sizes is very simple and clear. And therefore, mastering the use of the machine is not at all difficult. It does not require high qualifications to configure and maintain it.

Therefore, this type of equipment can be safely purchased in used condition, then its price starts from $2800. Starting at this price, you can purchase machines for making nails from wire with a diameter of up to 4 mm and a length of up to 120 mm.

Serial production of nails on your own machine is a stable source of income in the garage or at home.

Diagram of a nailing machine with a description of the operating principle

Schematic representation of the percussion device.

Wire nails are produced using impact and pressing machines. The most common impact machines are those that shape a nail using two hammers.

The wire is passed between two rows of rollers a, a. Next, it enters the feeder A (formed by the pawl b and the spring c pressing it), which oscillates with an amplitude equal to the length of the nail with a margin for forming the head. To increase/decrease the amplitude, the crank pin e is used. The feeder is driven by the crank e, the rod d, and the lever system d.

Having passed the feeder, the wire is driven between the clamping jaws w, w', and w is static, w'- is affected by the pressing force of the lever z, moved by the figured washer k (figure 14).

The cheeks are equipped with serrated grooves that allow you to fix the wire when riveting the head. There is also a shape in the cheeks that matches the geometry of the bottom of the cap.

Behind the cheeks there are knives p, p', respectively moved by levers o, o', which move under the influence of washers c and c', on the outer surface of which shaped grooves are cut (figure 14).

The knives have a pyramidal shape (figure 16). Cutout a serves to press the sharp end, blades b cut off excess. The remaining “petals” are removed during polishing.

A design feature in which the knives barely touch each other allows you to avoid rapid dulling of the knives. This design does not allow the nail to be completely cut off. The final separation of the product from the wire occurs with the help of an ejector t, the movement of which is imparted by levers y and rod f, driven by cam x.

The spring n, n' strikes the protrusion of the hammer l, giving it an impulse. The hammer strikes the nail, forming the head. A wooden spring (in some cars a steel one) is compressed using a cam m (figure 15, curve D).

The graph (Figure 15) shows the order of individual working strokes of the machine for producing nails. The feeder, which feeds the wire forward, corresponds to curve A.

The moves of the cheeks holding the wire are described by curve B (when the feeder moves the wire in the opposite direction, the cheeks do not fix it).

The working stroke of the scissors from the moment the wire is fixed is described by curve G.

The work of the ejector separating the finished product is shown by curve B.

The sequence of hammer operation is visible on curve D.

Next, the feeder occupies the extreme operating point, the cheeks open, and the work cycle begins from the beginning (curve B).

The difference between nominal and actual performance is about 20-40%. The reason for this is downtime due to the replacement and installation of tools, filling machines with new circles of wire, defects, etc. When making nails, from 2.5% to 3.5% of the material is lost on the “petals”. Losses due to defects reach up to 1%.

Pressing machines have higher productivity, but require frequent replacement of dies and jaws. High loads on the forming elements of machine tools lead to their rapid wear.

Pressing machines are designed in a similar way, but instead of a hammer, they have a stamp that forms the head of the nail with gradual pressure. The stamp is driven by a figured washer or an eccentric.

In the opposite direction, the wire is fed forcibly (unlike impact machines, where it occurs under the action of a spring). This design increases productivity by almost 2 times.

In pressing machines, production waste constitutes about 3% of the weight of the wire used. These are “petals” and marriage.