An affordable way to make a motor pump with your own hands without extra costs
Most often, in dachas, the problem with watering does not rest on the complete absence of a reservoir, but on the difficulty of delivering water from it to the right place. Buying a large pump is a very expensive business, which is unprofitable due to the seasonality of the problem, and also because such a volume is not needed for domestic needs. The main task is to get water, for example, from a well and distribute it around the site. This requires a small size, preferably not very noisy unit. This is what we will talk about next.
Symptoms of malfunction
If the fuel pump is completely faulty, the car will not be able to start. When such a breakdown occurs while driving, the engine will stall and the car will stop. If a technical problem is just beginning to appear, then at this stage you can judge the malfunction of this particular part by the following symptoms:
- The engine begins to operate intermittently (this symptom is especially pronounced at high crankshaft speeds).
- Jerking when trying to quickly gain speed.
- Unstable engine operation at idle speed.
- Unstable operation when driving on a long climb.
If the fuel pump is faulty, there may be some extraneous noise. If you use carburetor car models in which the fuel pump is installed on the engine, then a decrease in engine oil pressure is possible due to fuel getting into it due to a rupture of the supercharger membrane.
We assemble a motor pump with our own hands from available parts
Since an ordinary person who is not able to assemble an internal combustion engine from scratch also wants to save his money, we will consider a simplified version of assembling this device. Anyone can make such a motor pump with their own hands. And for this we need the following:
- Removable pump.
- The engine is from an old lawn mower.
The process of assembling two elements into a single device is as follows:
1. After removing the braid itself from the engine, we should remove the pads from the clutch, which are secured with two bolts. We take them out and set them aside.
2. Now let's move on to analyzing the pump itself. Unscrew the four bolts around the perimeter and remove the cover from the device.
3. Under the cover we find a guide that is not secured in any way. To prevent it from moving anywhere, it only has a stopper. Therefore, we simply lift it up, remove it and set it aside.
4. Then we see the impeller, which also needs to be removed. We do this by scrolling it around its axis counterclockwise.
5. Under the impeller there are four bolts that secure the rear cover. Unscrew them and remove this element.
6. Now we can see the bearing mount. We need to push it out of the base. This completes the process of disassembling the pump.
7. We move on to the stage of assembling all the parts into one device. We insert the removed bearing instead of the pads into the open hole of the engine with the flange down and screw it onto the same four bolts.
8. Place the bearing cap on top. First, we do not fully tighten one screw, then the one that is located diagonally from it, and the second pair of screws is also tightened. This is done so that the bearing itself does not tilt in any direction and sits straight. After making sure that everything is in order, tighten the screws all the way.
9. Next, install the bottom cover. First, rubber gaskets are put on the screws, and only after that we tighten them. This way we will avoid moisture getting into the bearing located below. These screws, like the previous ones, are tightened using the crosswise method.
10. After firmly fixing the cover, install the impeller. This process is similar to removal, only the rotation is carried out in the opposite direction.
11. A guide is put on top of the impeller, and the top cover is placed on it. On the cover itself there is a protrusion into which the stopper on the guide should rest. Make sure they match each other.
12. The top cover is secured with four screws, which must be tightened in the order of one, as described above. The device is now fully assembled.
Our article on how to organize drip irrigation on your site will be useful.
Advantages of a self-assembled motor pump and rules for working with it
Some may think that assembling the motor pump described above with your own hands is unprofitable. In fact, it has a number of positive qualities:
1. Absolutely anyone can make such a product, even those who are completely far from technical nuances.
2. The device will cost several times less than buying a similar one in a store.
3. If necessary, the product can be disassembled and the motor can be returned to the scythe, which can continue to be used for its intended purpose and vice versa.
4. The noise output of such a device is not very high, an order of magnitude lower than that of diesel options, which also take up much more space.
The product is very light, it can be easily moved to the place you need. After connecting the hoses to the appropriate holes, do not rush to turn on the unit. First you need to unscrew the cap on the top pipe and pour water into it, then return the cap back. Then start using the device for its intended purpose.
Which pump to choose?
You can ask a completely logical question about why you need a homemade pump? Maybe it’s better to give up independence in this matter and simply purchase an industrial motor pump in a specialized store? Well, if you have a lot of extra money, you can do it this way. However, a thrifty owner will definitely pay attention to the advantages of assembling a “water” walk-behind tractor with his own hands. These include the following:
- Significant savings in money, because a purchased device for lifting water is, to put it mildly, not a cheap pleasure, and when assembling it yourself, you can use a motor from a gasoline mower (and, if necessary, then return it to its place) and other not very expensive parts, in As a result, much less money will be spent.
- Unlike industrial motor pumps running on diesel fuel, a small gasoline water pump, assembled with your own hands, will be much less noisy, almost an order of magnitude.
- A homemade device is much lighter than a purchased one and takes up much less space, which makes it more mobile and much more convenient to use.
By and large, buying a serious industrial power motor pump only makes sense if you live in your country house permanently and consume a lot of water. For seasonal visits to the dacha and summer watering of the garden, a homemade motor pump is sufficient. Now let's decide what is needed to assemble it.
The simplest, powerful, reliable do-it-yourself gas pump
The most expensive element of a homemade product can be considered the engine from a lawn mower. However, we will not break it, so if you wish, you can always turn the pump into a lawn mower again. Motors from chainsaws and similar equipment are also suitable.
Materials and tools used by the author:
List of materials:
— engine from a lawn mower; — steel plate (for the impeller); - wood board (for the base); — steel axle; — plug for pipe 90 (PVC); — adapter 90Х34 (PVC); - a corner and a piece of pipe (PVC); — fitting for the hose (for the pump); — bearing; - Super glue; - epoxy; - copper bushing; — a piece of hose (for the coupling); - screws, screws and other small items.
Design features
A piston pump is a simple design for manually pumping water. A motor pump is a pump connected to a motor. The function of a motor pump includes both pumping out liquid and supplying it under pressure. The fuel for the engine can be either gasoline mixture or diesel.
Design and principle of operation
The mechanism body is a cylindrical metal part. This module can be made from a sleeve from a diesel engine, as well as from a piece of pipeline fittings. You can also use a hydraulic cylinder body, if one is available.
The piston is made from any available material - wood, plastic or metal. Rubber rings are used to seal the piston. In appearance, this design resembles a regular pump for bicycle tires, only liquid is pumped into it.
Valves are an important part of a water pumping apparatus, since the efficiency of the unit depends on them. They are usually made of elastic and durable rubber.
Principle of operation
The operating principle of the piston unit is based on the suction of liquid inside the cylinder. The movement of the piston pushes air out of the cavity and creates conditions for the movement of water. An inlet valve is located inside the housing. The output valve is located on the piston itself. To simplify the operation of the unit, a spring is installed between the modules, attracting the piston to the base of the cylinder body. The “motor” in this device is muscle power.
Let's watch the video, how the unit works, and what you need to know before starting:
The operating principle of the motor pump is based on the action of centrifugal force, which forms internal pressure in the cylinder cavity. The unit runs on an internal combustion engine. The fuel for the engine is gasoline. The gasoline-powered unit has a low power resource, but is characterized by quiet operation.
Diagnostics of the fuel pump of a carburetor car
You can check the performance of the fuel pump of a carburetor car without using any instruments. Diagnostics are performed in the following sequence:
- The fuel hoses are disconnected from the fuel pump.
- The fastening bolts are unscrewed.
- The fuel pump is removed from the cylinder head.
- Use the thumb of your right hand to close the inlet fitting of the fuel pump.
- Using the thumb of your left hand, apply several pressures on the pump pusher.
- The appearance of a vacuum at the incoming fitting will indicate the serviceability of the membrane and inlet valve.
In a similar way, you can check the serviceability of the outlet valve by holding the outlet fitting with your finger and making several intense movements with the pump pusher. If the device is working properly, positive pressure will form at its outlet.
Symptoms of a faulty fuel pump on carburetor engines are almost the same as when using an electric device. The difference can only be observed in the absence of characteristic noise from the operation of a twelve-volt motor.
How to make a piston pump
The design of a simple piston pump
Manufacturing of the body. For this, a piece of metal pipe with a girth of 10 cm and a length of up to one meter is suitable. So that the piston can move freely in the body of the pipe, its inner surface is sanded with sandpaper attached to a wooden stick.
Now you need to weld the mounts for the lever to the pipe. They can be made from angle steel.
In the body of the pipe we form a hole for the drain “spout”. It can be placed in any part of the body.
We close the end of the lower part of the pipe with a metal plate by welding.
Now it’s the turn for the upper plane of the cylinder pipe. No welding or reliable fastening is required here, because the tire will serve as protection against liquid spillage. The tire must have a hole for the rod in the form of a slot: this is necessary for the free movement of the rod.
The next stage of creating a water pump with your own hands is making a piston with holes for fastening the rod.
The rod can be formed from a metal rod with a girth of no more than a centimeter. The rod is fixed to the lever and is located in the middle of the piston.
Watch the video for detailed manufacturing steps:
The piston lever is made from a piece of pipe with a cross-section of 3 cm. For ergonomics, the lever is wrapped with electrical tape or rubber.
The intake valve must match the cylinder diameter. It is made of durable rubber or other “heavy” material. In order for the valve to return to its original state, it is fixed with a guide in the center.
Now all that remains is to install the main cylinder on the pipe. In order for the structure to have strength, the cylinders are fixed with supports: they are welded to a frame located on the ground.
The assembly of the structure looks like this:
- The inlet valve stem fits into the cavity of the pump base;
- A piston with a rod is placed in the cylinder;
- A lever is attached to the rod;
- The lever is fixed with brackets.
We make a pump and motor together
The motor pump resembles a design made of a cylindrical body with pipes. The body of the cylinder contains a screw whose function is to accelerate the fluid. Centrifugal force accelerates the water in a spiral, increasing the pressure, which pushes the working fluid out under pressure. The difference in pressure “pumps” a new portion of working fluid into the cylinder body.
Design of a bicycle motor and pump from Kama
We offer for consideration the design of a do-it-yourself motor pump from a bicycle motor and a pump from Kama.
The fixation of the motor in this design is a regular bicycle frame. A piece of metal pipe is attached to the frame bushing, then a fuel tank of a couple of liters and a motor are installed. An ordinary can of paint and varnish products can be used as a tank.
The motor requires some modification, which consists of installing pulleys instead of a clutch. It is also necessary to install a fan to cool the engine.
The pump module is made from spare parts for the Kama brand pump. The design diagram looks like this:
Pump module design
- Screw;
- Pump cover;
- Wheel;
- Padding material;
- The body itself;
- Bearing coating;
- Screw;
- Sleeve;
- Shield;
- Disk;
- Washer;
- Bearing;
- Pulley;
- Key;
- Disk;
- Roller;
- Sleeve.
Next, the structure is fixed on the axis of a stroller for a child. The adjusting handle is installed on the bicycle steering wheel, fixed to the frame. The motor is started by jerking a cord made of polymer materials.
The engine speed is adjusted using the gas handle, and stopping is done using the toggle switch. The maximum power that the gasoline engine is capable of is 5,550 rpm.
Independent design of a motor pump requires certain technical knowledge, the ability to understand the structure of the engine and the principles of operation of the pump. Assembling the unit yourself will cost several times less than buying it at a construction market.
There will be no problems with the water piston pump: the design is easy to assemble yourself. Watering a small country garden is quite feasible with a piston pump. To provide water from a well, a motor pump is required. In areas without central water supply and electrical networks, the presence of a motor pump is an urgent necessity.
Checking with a pressure gauge
To diagnose the operation of the fuel pump and check the pressure readings, you can use a pressure gauge. The device must be connected to the fuel rail and displayed on the windshield using the edge of the car hood. Turning on the ignition is the start for recording readings with a pressure gauge. The rate of pressure fluctuations is from 300 to 380 kPa. After this, you need to accelerate the car to 3rd gear and check the instrument readings again. If the pressure level has not changed, then there is no cause for concern, and some other component of the machine requires repair.
If the pressure level in the fuel system changes, you should contact a professional.
If the car starts to stall while driving, the reason most often lies in the electrics. These concerns can be confirmed or refuted by testing the fuel pump relay. You can carry out diagnostics yourself by connecting a control lamp to the fuel pump. When you turn on the ignition, this light should light up for 2-3 seconds. If this signal is absent, repair of the car's electrical system is required.
Fuel leaks can be eliminated simply by replacing gaskets, valves, diaphragms and filters. You just need to know the structure of the fuel circuit; the replacement itself is not difficult even for amateurs. It is better to entrust electrical repairs to specialists from a car dealership or a large service center.
Design and operating principle
The main component of a gas pump is a pump that pumps water at high speed. There are two types of pumps most commonly used: diaphragm and centrifugal.
Models equipped with a diaphragm pump are in most cases called a gasoline pneumatic pump. They are capable of pumping liquids with impurities up to 3-5 millimeters in size. Thanks to the coordinated work of several membranes that push out water, sufficient pressure is generated in the membrane pump. Each membrane functions similarly to a piston in a cylinder. By alternately squeezing liquid into the nozzle, the membranes provide a continuous flow of high pressure.
Today, gasoline motor pumps with a centrifugal pump, where the movement is transmitted through a belt drive or directly when the pump impeller rotates, have gained considerable popularity.
Due to the peculiarities of its internal design, a centrifugal pump is capable of creating a low-pressure area on the suction pipe, which makes it possible to suck in liquid. The impeller creates centrifugal force, forming a high-pressure zone at the outlet. The result is a stream of water. It is important to note that the operating pressure at the outlet pipe must be consistent!
Many pumps are equipped with a check valve. Each gasoline motor pump is equipped with special mesh filters , where, based on the degree of water contamination, the cells can change in size.
The motor and pump housings are in most cases made of steel, which increases the overall protection of the device from possible damage. Also, many devices have a dismountable pump housing, which makes it possible to easily clean the screen and wheel from any stuck solid particles, stones and dirt.
All models of gasoline motor pumps are made of a reinforced frame , which guarantees greater protection and stability of the device during transportation.
Rust, deposits
Symptoms of failure of the VAZ-2110, 2114 or other car models may be different. Upon external inspection of the pump, rust is visible. The most common corrosion is on the impeller blades. This leads to a decrease in the rate of pumping antifreeze into the system. The cause of rust may be contaminated coolant or a compound that is incompatible with the pump. Mixing different antifreezes can also lead to this problem.
Another cause of rust on the pump is damage to the pump cover. In this case, it will not be able to close hermetically. Due to this, air bubbles appear in the composition, which causes oxidation processes.
In this case, the pump will need to be replaced. The cooling system must be thoroughly flushed and new antifreeze added. It is necessary to check the tightness of the cap. You may need to replace it.
The pump should also be replaced if deposits have formed on the inside of the pump. Such signs of a malfunction of a pump 2114, 2110 or another model can only be determined by visual inspection of the system. Deposits of resin, minerals or other substances appear on the internal surfaces of the pump. They clog the pump, preventing the system from working properly.
The cause of this malfunction is contaminated antifreeze or the use of the wrong composition. The system must be thoroughly rinsed with special mixtures. The pump has been replaced and new high-quality antifreeze is added.
Where are motor pumps used?
Modern motor pumps can easily be classified as universal devices, since they can be used in many areas of human activity, for example:
- When performing drainage work and pumping water;
- For water supply of a country house;
- When extinguishing a fire;
- For irrigating fields and watering gardens;
- For draining pits, streets, premises and reservoirs both under normal conditions and during construction.
Often in public utilities, gasoline motor pumps are used to pump dirty water. They are also used for draining sewer wells, basements, cellars, etc.
As for the construction area, here the device can be useful for preliminary drainage of a swampy area where work is planned. The Ministry of Emergency Situations constantly uses water pumps, not only during fires, but also in cases where there is an urgent need to pump out a large amount of water.
Good autonomy makes it possible to carry out work away from the power grid, which also increases safety, since electrical wires and water will not come into contact with each other.
Nuances when working
When using gasoline motor pumps, do not forget about safety precautions and features of working with equipment. Below are the most important recommendations from experienced users:
- A gasoline motor pump used for pumping dirty water, as a rule, makes a lot of noise, and therefore you should not turn it on at night, early in the morning or at other inconvenient times, so as not to disturb your neighbors;
- Make sure that the device does not operate dry! Otherwise, without liquid, the pump will overheat very quickly and simply break. You can avoid this kind of trouble if you first fill the pump with water ;
- The performance characteristics of the models are designed for pumping water with a temperature of about 20 degrees. In this case, the maximum threshold can reach 90 degrees, but in this case, hot water will not be pumped for quite a long time;
- Long-term operation of any engine is achieved through timely monitoring of the condition of the oil filter and oil level;
- You should not save on buying a filter system when watering your garden from a reservoir, that is, when the purity of the water remains in question, otherwise you will spend even more to repair the device. You can purchase a motor pump without filtration when you plan to draw water from a well or borehole, that is, when the water is absolutely clean;
- Before long-term storage, the fuel must be drained;
- Make sure that there are no air pockets in the inlet pipe;
- Make sure that there are no kinks in the hoses - this will increase their service life;
- You need to stop and start the device step by step and strictly according to the instructions!
And although a gasoline motor pump requires certain fuel costs, and during operation it produces significant noise, nevertheless, the unit is very popular both in ordinary household work and in professional activities. Each user, based on specific tasks, must choose the final choice and type of device for himself!
Let's sum it up
The need for a motor pump where there is no centralized water supply is beyond doubt. But in order not to spend money on expensive and often overly powerful devices for a summer cottage, you can assemble such a pump yourself. To do this, you need to have basic technical knowledge and the desire to create, invent and try.
A self-assembled motor pump, like any other, consists of an engine (which can be temporarily removed from the lawn mower), a water pump, a system of hoses and pipes, etc. With the right combination of these elements and proper operation, a homemade motor pump can work no worse than a purchased one, but at the same time being much cheaper and more convenient.
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